From your pic it appears the glass will obscure detail, but you know best. There are peel and stick privacy films on the market you could apply.

the victorians would have had a lace curtain on the inside.

Are you sure someone could see in that window? I'd have to be on my knees with my nose pressed against the glass and then I'd feel as if I were looking through the bottom of a Coke bottle. In your picture, I can't see forms outside.

Anyway, yes, to nnigrt's lace suggestion for a solution.

Is a new door out of the question?

also consider a crane rod, which can swing out during the day and close at night.

That I would say is probably the best idea. I know no one could really see inside through the leaded & beveled glass, but if it gives you more comfort, go for it.

I'd get a new door if I was worried about privacy. Window coverings or film just aren't going to look good.