Sure you can grow them in container. I would suggust to buy a super dwarf banana, because they do get big. My dwarf banana when I bought it was 3 feet tall. It grew to 6 ft tall and 6ft wide.It's hard to bring in when it gets cold. A bag of catus soil ,10 " pot and some banana fertlizer and thats it. Remember to water it and feed it too.

What is a good banana fertilizer?

Glaswegian, I've heard that almost any fertilizer is good for banana. They'll eat it up and it's very hard to over-fertilzive.

They don't need a specific mix like palms..

I keep a good layer of manure compost around mine.

Good luck.

Use Milorganite! I've seen the results first hand and let me tell you about some large bananas. LOL! Thats what I'm using this year.

How is cow and sheep manure around the plant?

Another good banana for growing in containers is the Zebrina banana, or blood banana. I have them growing in pots and they don't seem to grow taller than 5 ft.

A smaller banana would be best. Most of the ornamental flowering bananas fit into this catagory.
If you want a fruiting kind, try Super dwarf cavendish, dwarf cavendish, or double mahoi(a cavendish that gets two heads of fruit instead of one)
For interesting plant and foliage try Musellea lasiocarpa, Ensete superbum, Musa zebrina, Musa Siam Ruby.