There's no soil in Antarctica. It's all rock or glacier. If they are growing food in the research stations I don't know about it, but in any case it would not be planted outdoors.

There are people on the Far North Forum who garden in Canada in Zones 1 and 0 (yes there is a zone 0), and despite the extra short growing season and risk of frost at any time, they grow most of the same things I grow in zone 2/3. There's not a lot of actual food farming in zones 1 and 0 though.