Well, these are just guesses, but...
1) Does it emit an unpleasant odor when you crush a leaf? It looks kind of like an ailanthus seedling.
6) If the leaves are lightly hairy, maybe an azalea. If not and they're kind of shiny, maybe Ilex glabra (Inkberry Holly).
7) Looks like a very beat up but gamely trying Phlox drummondii.
8) A young fleabane maybe. Check out various Erigerons.
9) Suspiciously like a young cocklebur plant. Hope it's not.

10. Maybe Malva sylvestris seedlings? If so, leaves should be hairy.
11. Interesting looking plant. I don't think it's a coreopsis, although I could see how some of those leaflets could suggest C. lanceolata. Big succulent looking pinnate leaves in a rosette suggest something in the Apiaceae (Parsley/Carrot/Angelica/etc family).
12. Perhaps a rudbeckia. Form and hairiness are right for R. hirta, but the purple petioles are not, unless stress might cause that coloration or something.

Marty

I'm lousy with this kind of ID, but nope on #10 being Malva. I spend all summer every summer staring at Malva sylvestris seedlings, so I'm fairly familiar with em. ;-)

Marty, you're right on both the Phlox and the Ailanthus. About the latter, I didn't want to be the first one to say it... I was hoping it was something else. But it has a distinct stink when the leaves are crushed, so there's little doubt. Interestingly, when I went out to do the crushing just now, I noticed a tiny tent caterpillar had decided to call the thing home, and had destroyed the leading leaf in doing so. I think I'll leave him on there for awhile and let him give it a slow, agonizing death...

Okay, that #3 was on my brain as something I should recognize but couldn't put my finger on. The name I was searching the memory banks for finally popped into my head -- Sida spinosa. If that's the plant, it's an exotic annual from India. Look for a little hardened spiny like growth in the leaf axil.

Are the leaves on #10 hairy or smooth? If hairy, any chance there could be hollyhock seedlings in that area? That one almost palmate leaf reminds me of young Alcea ficifolia.

Marty

2) I will try to get a clearer picture of the leaf arrangement.

3) I'm still at work, so I didn't get a chance to get out there yet and check for spines on #3. It came from a pinch that James the curator let me take from the UT Trial Gardens... I'm sure that whatever it was, it was lovely at the time I got it, or it wouldn't have caught my eye. I hope it's not this invasive weed!

6) I will try to get a clearer picture of the leaf arrangement tonight.

8) I have Daisy Fleabane in other spots and it doesn't look like this so I guess I'll just grow it out and see what it is.

9) I have several of this one that I collected from the vacant lot. I will bring one to the swap so you can see it live and in person.

10. I will feel the leaves of this one when I get home! It came from the vacant lot, too.

11. This one sprung up on its own in one of my unamended beds... it might just be a weed but I wanted to find out.

12. Can you tell the difference between Myosotis and Cynoglossum? I don't think either of my two specimens has seeds at this time. There's no basal leaves and I think it had a root. The stem is tough.

13. I can get a better pic of this one now that it has recovered from being transplanted.

14. I'm going to look at my Coreopsis tinctoria tonight to see if the basal leaves look like this. I think they do.

15. I have several of these hairy things with the red petioles, so I will bring one with to the swap.

If #3 came from UT, it could be porterweed -- Stachytarpheta. that's how mine grows, and I got mine from them. If it is porterweed, it ain't hardy. It's a great butterfly plant.

Yes, it does look much like a Verbena, but has bigger leaves! I don't remember the "snake" part (the wand aboove the blossoms that I'm assuming someone thinks looks like a snake, hence the other name, "snakeweed") but it could be Porterweed. I haven't the foggiest what color it was when I pinched it. So I should bring this one in this winter just in case? OK. Good thing I have a lot of room upstairs because it's going to be quite a houseful.

It appears #2 is going to treat me to some late-season blooms so we'll get to find out what it is!

I have another specimen of #16 that has put up a bloom! It's not fully open yet, but it looks like it will be Rudbeckia. I can't find ANY reference on the web to a Rudbeckia with red veining in the leaves.

#10 has smooth leaves.

I saw something on Name That Plant that looks like my #8, but a little older. It was IDed as Verbascum blattaria. Does anyone agree with this ID?

I read on one website that seeds of this and common Mullein were stored for scientific purposes 120 years ago (in glass bottles full of sand that were corked and buried neck-down) and germinated with ease recently. Plants are amazing.

I took some new pics of the plants that remained unidentified, plus a couple of new ones.

See them here

Your help is greatly appreciated!

The first one is probably pineapple sage. If the leaves smell fruity when you bruise them, that's it. The one with it that isn't blooming is probably a different salvia. Both are likely to be borderline hardy here.

The tiny red morning glory is, well, a tiny red morning glory. ;-)

I *think* 14 is some kind of Rumex (dock, also sometimes called sorrel).

OK, #14 is Rumex crispus, aka Curly Dock or Yellow Dock. It has to go as I have no interest in this plant. However, in case someone else does, I will bring it to the MidTN Swap - the root apparently has holistic medicinal uses.

I'm beginning to think unknown #13 is Hackelia, aka stickseed, which is a member of the Borage family, as are Forget-me-nots:

See a drawing

#16 has put up a lovely Black Eyed Susan flower! Very pretty deep gold coloring to the petals. The red veining in the leaves remains.