This is a good question for the Paint Forum. You probably probably should have used a base like Kiltz over the laminate or you needed to sandpaper the surface to get a better hold before you painted.

Here is a link that might be useful: Paint Forum

I do think you are doomed. You may have gotten away with not using a primer if you had sanded the wood first. Problem is the paint had nothing to adhere to. You really should have sanded then primed. Been there done that...learned a valuable lesson. You may have to sand off what you have done and start over (if that is possible) Use a primer like Zinser or Kilz. I prefer zinser.

Are you sure it is wood laminate?- man tried to tell us some baseboard he said was particleboard. It was very light weight & broken on end, I looked at it & it's like pressed paper in a gray color covered with thin vinyl. My neighbor has door that she kicked & it was damaged & she wanted me to help her fix it, I could see it fraying out where she had tried to paint over it & I told her to get a new wood door. I'm getting wood & staining it for my mom so it holds up & can be refinished. Same problem at friends mobile home, she asked me how to fix kitchen drawer- it is a paper like stuff bit like contact paper,that looks a little like wood. Can't fix it.