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Can you coax Swallowtails to Eclose/Emerge? Does shade cause a problem

I am wondering if raising Swallowtails in the shade makes them more likely to stay in the chrysalis longer? Is this some kind of confused diapause?


I have 31 Eastern Black Swallowtail chrysalides from 2 different egg batches that have not eclosed. One group has been in the chrysalis for at least 28 days. The other group for 14 days.


Some of the first group did emerge within 8-10 days of pupating but many are still in healthy looking chrysalides. There have been no eclosions in the 14 day group and their chrysalids look good.


I raise them on a south facing screened porch (lanai, it's FL :) ) that is partially roofed.




The habitats never get direct sunlight or even dappled light. They are always in shade. Also, many of the cats like to pupate on the black cloth at the top of the habitat enclosure making their surroundings even darker. I read that the caterpillar determines if it is going into diapause. In other words the process is in motion before it enters the chrysalis.


This set-up has not caused any other type of butterfly (Monarch, Gulf Fritillary, Zebra Longwing, Cloudless Sulphur or Zebra Swallowtail) to take it's time in the chrysalis.


I'm concerned for 3 reasons:

  1. I have 31 chrysalides spread between 2 habitats and very limited space for raising butterflies. Should I detach some of the hanging chrysalides and combine them in one group and wait it out?
  2. I'm now raising Giant, Pipevine and Polydamus Swallowtail cats in the same conditions. Are they also going to stay in the chrysalis for a long time?
  3. I'm just curious. What made these cats decide a long while in the chrysalis would be good?


Any ideas would be much appreciated.


Anna


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