First I would get rid of the black fridge and if not counter depth now make sure the new one is and stainless.. As for white my suggestion is 3 pieces poster board in a large size then choose 3 whites you like get sample cans and paint each board with 2 coats then put them in the kitchen one at a time and see which you like better with those floors and before doing that get some better lighting in the kitchen , center lights cast weird shadows so to keep the budget down maybe just a nice LED track light with 4000K bulbs then choose the color for the walls and also your counter.Do not replace the fake greenery either.

Patrica Colwell gave really good recommendations. I would add that when you replace the counters, replace your sink with an undermount single-bowl sink. A good brand that is a lot of bang for your buck is Kraus, which you can find on Overstock and other websites. They offer 16-gauge stainless steel (thicker than 18 gauge), and a sink grid which other sink brands charge $80-120 extra for. There are often discount coupons offered on the websites so keep an eye out.

For appliances, look at Costco. Some really good deals, and Costco offers delivery/installation, and a great return policy.

I would use Simply White because it's not too warm or not too cold. It's just right.

Navy blue cabinets and sea salt walls worked well for me with grey floors! Perhaps blue base cabinets with light grey uppers for you.

I love navy with Sea Salt. Do you have photos of yours? I like the idea of the bottom in blue. I think it would be too much to do the tops blue as well. Which Navy did you use?