In finite terms I don't know what a "large dog" requires, but with a limited amount of space, this is going to boil down to trade-offs. A pool that is too small or narrow, or has little deck space around it is not very appealing in my estimation. Therefore, a location slightly offset from the house and toward the larger corner portion of the yard seems more likely to be successful. A kidney shaped pool could fit well there. Other shapes could too, if they are proportioned according to lot restrictions. I think it would end up looking not well thought out if you tried to squeeze a pool in the narrower section of the yard in order to preserve the larger open space for no particular apparent reason.