Without any photos to confirm, I expect what you are seeing is cold damage from winter. Michigan - even the warmer spots - is at the bottom range of the cold tolerance golden bamboo can endure without damage. It will behave much differently than it would in a mild winter climate. It won't grow as tall, the culms will be narrower, it will lose foliage and in severe situations, the culms can die to the ground.

The fact that it survived at all is indicated by the few leaves it is producing and all the little sucker shoots - the root system is still cranking!!

I would wait to see how well it does over the rest of the season but be aware that the same thing could happen again next winter or in any following winter.

Regardless of how cold hardy it may or may not be for you, golden bamboo, Phyllostachys aurea, is still considered an invasive species and you need to take steps to prevent its spread. Those sucker shoots are a clear indication of its intent to run, even if barely holding on to life.