I'm not sure that human urine would deter rats. However, in my experience, having large quantities of shredded leaves in the compost pile makes the pile un-interesting to critters, including rats.

Not only that, if the pile is kept moist as a damp, wrung out sponge, rats will not find it hospitable as a place to hang out or nest and raise young. If any interesting food scraps are buried pretty deeply in the pile, there will not be much in the way of odors to attract them.
We had a pretty bad invasion of them last spring and fall, but I did not see any evidence of them around my compost pile. There was some in and around my sheds and a couple of them even managed to find a way into my attic, but some rat poison pellets in little packets from the feed stores took care of those problems pretty quickly and safely with no danger to our dogs and cat. It was NOT DeCon, I think that they just get fat on that. ":^)
Bill P.

urine won't deter them, and if there's food waste in the pile nothing will discourage them once they find it - moth balls do mask odors from the pile and if you can spread them around enough, will keep rodents at bay

as BillP mentions, if there's rats in the area it's a good idea to keep bait paks or traps around during spring and fall because that's when they're on the move looking for new feeding grounds or nesting sites

Bill

I would build a compost bin that they could get into, but not out of.

Hey- rats are a good green :)

We got three cats and in one night our 10-year running battle with rats went away.

Did you say rat.

{{gwi:273893}}

patty we have always had a terrible rat problem in my area so I use compost bins and I twist them until theyre slightly dug into the ground at the bottom. Ive only had rats dig their way in to a bin once in 8 years. Id suggest setting up a separate contained bin for your food scraps etc and keep the pile for garden waste. if there is a food source around the rats will find it and once they have a good food source they wont be going anywhere and theyll hang around to breed

We used to have them in a shed attached to the house where we lived in the city, and this is what we did...

Take a large juice can. Drink the contents and remove one end completely. Place a freshly cracked egg - or remainder thereof - shell and all in the bottom. Lay the can on it's side with the bottom a bit lower than the top. Place a rat trap in front of the egg.

Rat wants egg? He has to go over the trap... SNAP!!

Place rat in compost as green.