I can't answer about the container but what I can tell you is that I have 4 of them, each planted at the base of a lg. oak tree. Some are up the tree 30-40 feet. I planted them 10 yrs. ago.

Cl.hydrangea is a clinging, not a twining vine, therefore it need a STRONG support-surface to cling to.
If you could arrange that, for example, grow it in a pot, but let cling to the tree or the wall, why not...it will grow in a pot...the huge one, though.

There is a very direct correlation between the size of a vine/its topgrowth and the size of the root system it produces. Climbing hydrangeas naturally grow to be very big vines, as much as 60-80' in height. Attempting to confine a woody vine that wants to grow that large to anything other than a very large container is going to produce very frustrating and unsatisfying results. I wouldn't recommend it.