Hyacinth bean sounds like it may fit the bill.

Good luck!

Virginia creeper will take off, but a little later on you might have to beat it back with a stick.

Chinese Wisteria will also take off. They respond well to pruning so there's no need to worry if you over prune.

sweet autumn clemantis

Poison Ivy adds color in the fall, and adds excitement to your life in general. :)

Some of those are nightmare vines. They DO grow fast, but you might regret it later (Virgina Creeper, Wisteria, Trumpet Vine).

Stuff that's easier to manage, but still grows super fast would be stuff that is either annual, or dies to the ground each winter:

Morning Glory (re-seeds to a fault, but is pretty easy to yank up where it's not wanted)
Hyacinth Bean - nice annual vine, can reseed, hummingbirds like it
Passiflora caerulea (can sucker a lot, but much easier to pull than wisteria or trumpet suckers)
Honeysuckle - very fragrant and much easier to rein in than other "virulent" vines
Grapes - esp. if you want something both nice to look at and fun to eat!
Clematis - not really a fast grower for me, I think it's either too hot or too dry, or both where I'm at, but I do have a couple that are surviving.