Well, one must be careful to not injure ones hoosier when peeling apples!

About all I could find is this apple peeler and box with instructions for 5 bucks.

But there are many videos on youtube of people peeling apples. Do a search on antique apple peeling or similar and perhaps you will find a video of somebody using one.

Is this the kind that you crank? If so, there should be a vise like thing, perhaps with pips or a shaft or something in between, to put the apple on, and an arm with the blade. The blade could look like a blade or a loop or just a sharp end. Does that sound like what you have?

If so, use a heavy cutting board you don't care about--not the Hoosier even if it already has lots of dings--weighted down with some jugs of water or something. Or make some pads for both sides of the clamp out of thin plywood or stiff corrugated cardboard. Tighten the apple into the vise, put the cutting arm tight against the apple, and crank. If it works, as the screw draws the apple along, a nice even peel will come off.

In my experience these are a lot more trouble than a paring knife. When peeling crates of apples at one time, we tried a couple versions of this, and they take off too much apple with the peel, only work on very symmetrical apples, and take a long time. Plus you have to get a new spiral started every time the peel breaks because of its weight or a flaw in the apple's skin. Your vintage one may work better. Or might be a different kind of peeler.