We plan to take out the window over the sink and have a small bar on the other side of that counter in the new space. Part of that exterior wall will be gone.

What would you do with the bar? I want to leave it because it is my main workspace in the kitchen, however I would love to do a reclaimed wood finish around the front.

Kohler has some apron sinks that are meant to go in regular sink base cabinets. Make sure you get one with a short apron and measure very carefully to make sure it will fit your cabinet.

Because I have so many cabinets, it is a lot of white, so do you think doing a darker counter and floor will help it not be soooo white? I'll leave the red up top because I like it. I don't really want black countertops. I like quartz, but how will that look with a brick floor?

For a Kitchen like yours to become an industrial looking space will be easy to achieve since the cabinetry is already simple and white. If you add some worn or distressed surfaces like crackled white tile backsplash and a cross-cut (distressed) engineered wood floor, you'll have what you're looking for. I suggest weathered and distressed materials because they will capture the turn-of-the century industrial look and make things warmer feeling. On the other hand, if you prefer slick and new looking just keep in mind that the newer the stuff the more austere it will become.