You certainly can plant them outside next spring. It is very likely to take you some years to get trees of any size out of them, and you should protect them from rabbits and rodents gnawing on the bark over the next few winters.

Commercial nurseries grow seed grown shade trees through a number of transplants and root prunings so they can be resold, but if you have a place for them and enough of them plant a couple in the spot you want the mature tree and in the next year or two remove all but the most vigorous one. And then be patient.

You should be able to identify the trees the acorns came from and research that species on line, too.

If you're in your teen years, yes-you still have time left to enjoy them in another 60 or so years.