It's the fruit from which the seeds are harvested that can be toxic with potato, not the roots of potato plants grown from seed.

Yes it is safe. But you won't get much in the way of potatoes. Seeds are used to grow the small seed potatoes that you then plant the following year to get potatoes (or to develop new varieties). So why would you want to plant seeds?

Dave

I really don't feel like buying seed potatoes so I would rather plant seeds and see what I get out of them

Seeds are sometimes available for rare heritage potatoes but generally, as stated, they are not used for a seasonal crop. What have you got against seed potatoes? Have you even sourced potato seeds?

Potato seeds can be fun. You get tiny tubers from them the first year, between pea sized and marble sized. Colours, shapes and flavours are all over the place. Some have decent to very good blight resistance. Place the tiny seed potatoes from them in moist soil in a plastic bag and pop them in the fridge over winter. You can plant them the next year and get golf ball sized potatoes. There will be several under each plant, so you can taste one from each plant and keep the ones you like. You will have created a whole new variety with each seedling. Have fun