It is certainly a pine but that's as far as I can take it. There are hundreds of species and growing conditions also affect growth habit.

It looks like it has 2 needles per bundle and it looks like they are relatively short, less than three inches. A couple of pines that are found in gardens with this type of needles include Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Swiss Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo).

With regard to the plant not being a tree, wild pine trees sometimes form witches brooms, branches where the growth is tighter and more congested than other branches. Conifer enthusiasts sometimes harvest them and graft them to create miniature or dwarf trees that are sometimes more shrub-form for garden use. If you go over to the conifer forum, there are many photos of this type of conifer in gardens, including some pines.

The pine in the picture looks as if it is growing in a wild situation. Is that the case? If so I'd guess the stunted appearance is environmental. The original inspiration for bonsai tree training was supposedly to recreate such weather beaten shapes I believe.

Pines are geotropic, grow with relation to gravity, more than light. Its natural state would be to grow straight up. As floral has stated, some event, man ,animal or weather has damaged this tree earlier in its life.