Nice doors and trim. What budget do you have in mind? Do you rent or own the space?

Something like this would be helpful:

http://www.usplastic.com/catalog/item.aspx?sku=14040&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI5d_36oL91QIViZF-Ch0poQMiEAYYBCABEgJjovD_BwE

Do you need a chair? I'd sure rather have a low table next to the bed for my glasses, alarm clock, reading lamp... I think the corner is the wrong place for that stuff. If you're really like a place to sit for shoes and so forth, put a low padded bench under the window instead -- even if it becomes the place to drop clothes, it's less in the way than the chair (and the clothes would be off the floor). Stash the hamper between the TV and the closet.

Other thoughts: if you need more storage, you might put an actual dresser under the TV, or you could have something narrow for socks et al behind the door on the wall. You might consider replacing the current window covering with an accordian blind that can be drawn down from the top when you want light and up from the bottom, but which will look finished and stay out of the way of the bed. And finally, the wall over the main part of the bed needs a large piece of art rather than the small business hung there now (also, lower). Use your new bedding to jump off from, but hang something that adds color and cheer to the room, and makes you happy to look at.

Do you have a floorplan or dimensions? It's hard to make recommendations on furniture and placement without knowing the size of the space.

With regard to the actual design, the space does appear to have good bones, so deisgn changes will primarily be cosmetic. Here are some thoughts:

Flooring - I'm not the biggest fan of that carpet and feel it would limit your other design choices. What's under the carpet? If not hardwood, consider installing real or engineered hardwood in a stain similar to the doors/trim; I think it would complement the beautiful woodwork throughout the room. You could also float a laminate floor if you want an easy DIY installation.

Paint - Paint is cheap, but will completely transform this room. The color is honestly up to you. Both cool and warm tones could work with the wood trim. If you keep the carpet, your options become narrower.

Window coverings - The blue blanket-curtain is killing this space. I think actual full length curtains flanking the single and double window would look great. Choose colors that complement your bedding, or go with something neutral so you can change things up and still have them work together.

Organization - There seems to be quite a bit of clutter in the room, so incorporating some organization elements would probably help to cut down on the clutter. The room doesn't seem to be the hugest, but it seems like you could fit at least one dresser in there. You could also look for a bed with built in-drawers underneath. Adding a second rod in the closet can also maximize storage space.

Those are just a few ideas. Floorplans would help houzzers give you better ideas about furniture and placement.

I didn't deal with the window, but here's a mockup to help get you psyched for the project...