On the 4th photo, that's no bug. It's the underside of the leaf in the 3rd photo. That orange bit of CAR in the center of the 3rd photo is what creates the bump you see in the 4th photo.

I've been looking for pests but I can't ever find any on there. Are certain times of the day better than others when it comes to finding these insects? About the only thing I see consistently is a deer or two taking a bite out of whatever pokes through the fence I have around the tree.

Go out at night with a flashlight, that's a good time to spot slugs, earwigs, and other nocturnal pests. I've even spotted small cockroaches on my fruit trees at night.

You should also look for spider mites on the underside of the leaves. You'll need a hand held microscope/magnifier with LED lights to really see mites and all the eggs they lay. I have 3 of these and use them all the time:

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B002E0MU70/ref=ox_sc_saved_title_4?smid=ATVPDKIKX0DER&psc=1

one of the reasons .. i gave up on my dream of a mini orchard ... was that i lost interest in the spray protocol... that was requisite for the various fruits... usually starting with a dormant spray ... continuing throughout the season ... over the various trees ...

what is your protocol?

where are you.. and have you taken advantage of local resources.. like your county extension/Ag offices .. who might have information about fruit production ... in your area .. or state???

ken

I'm in PA. I have not checked with the local extension yet. I have several orchards around me and considered asking them but didn't know if they'd even speak to me as I may be considered a threat to their business. After all, I wouldn't be buying from them; I'd be growing my own...

As for sprays, I use a dormant oil and other foliar sprays now and then. However, it's been raining - a lot here - since 2017 and my foliar sprays have been replaced with systemic stuff because I find it hard to get a spray in edgewise and the systemic stuff seems to give me more time between sprays.

I dumped 3.8" of rain out of my gauge yesterday afternoon. That was just what we got yesterday! A few miles away, another zip code got 6" yesterday! If you're to use the foliar sprays once a week or once every 1" of rain, I'll be having to spray that stuff multiple times a week at this rate!

I walked out to the orchard the other night, looking for nocturnal insects and didn't see any... I've also sent an email to my nearby commercial orchard. I hope they answer...

Tome:

What are you spraying with? You mention systemic sprays. Can you be more specific?

From your photos I see you have lots of jap beetle damage (they mostly hit the the leaves on new growth). The leaf puckering suggests to me that some kind of sucking insect may be involved.

The yellow leaf margins/streaking on the older leaves is typical of Honeycrisp. Honeycrisp has been reported to have a virus in it. My Honeycrisp leaves look like that too as they age. Nice in spring then by summer the older leaves show yellow streaking or yellow leaf margins. That issue cannot be fixed. Perhaps this is why Honeycrisp is a low vigor variety?

Since you need to treat for jap beetles, I would presume whatever insecticide you will be using should take care of any sucking insects anyway. My guess is the puckering issue will be resolved on all younger foliage once you treat for jap beetle control. Assuming that it was caused by an insect.

I use Monterey Fruit Tree Vegetable Systemic Soil Drench for insect control. That gets applied once a year and I think I may be due in a week or so. I use Agri-Fos (basal bark application) for some disease control.