plz give us a pic of the whole pot. including the pot ..

how old is the media ... has it ever been repotted .... does it have accumulation of fertilizer salts around the edge???

is that a hair clip in the third pic?

how do you water .. how much light does it get ...

was it outside for summer???

ken

The insects look like fungus gnats. They do not eat plant leaves but they live on decaying organic matter. If your growing medium is too damp that would encourage them.

Aerial roots which do not find contact with soil will eventually give up and shrivel. If they rot you can just cut them off.

The oval blobs circled in yellow could be scale or they could just be blobs ie natural damage. The picture isn't close enough to tell.

The white mark in the last picture could also be natural damage but, again, it's not possible to see clearly if there's something else going on. Is the mark raised or flat? Does it have a texture? Whatever the marks are, the insects are innocent.

looks like a healthy plant to me. Don't fix what isn't broken. Fungus gnats are not unusual this time of the year indoors. They are largely harmless as floral said. Those markings could just be some mechanical damage from when the leaf was tender. Always post a pic of the entire plant so we can assess the overall health of the plant.