Dormers, to me, are typically inside the surface of the roof. The wood that rots in these cases is typically non-structural and can be handled as part of the window replacement and trim work. Prepare for a change order.

IMo those were rot waiting to happen . Replacing thme with no jut out is a bit tricky from what I can see so you will need to get some idea of what is involved I am wondering how that front entry stays dry ? I have to admit the windows as they are in design add something to the house so maybe all metal windows custom made could be the answer or at least really good aluminaum wrap and some much better way to handle the water off the roof

Typically called an oriel window but since it’s a French provincial inspired house there may be another term. I wouldn’t remove them, they are what gives the home some style. Properly flashed they should last for years.