Sorry not sure what you are askiing . Do you running cabinets in front of the windows ? IMO not uppers on that wall is the answer . The layout seems not bad but all the base cabinets need to be drawers and IMO if you do that the storage will be a lot better than what you have and allow you to avoid putting any cabinets on that window wall and get a counter depth fridge and maybe look at true pullout pantry choices for maxing storage . Please next time nothing like the backsplash you have now.

You mean base cabinets covering part of the windows with the lower sills off to the right? I have seen it done, but it complicates countertop design and fabrication and window cleaning. There will be benefits to more counterspace and then some tradeoffs. You could get shorter windows that matched the ones on the left in height and fill in the wall underneath. How complicated that is depends upon the material on the outside of the house.

I don't understand the question.

Yes, you can install cabinets across a window. Either open shelves or backless cabinets.

How much cabinet space do you need?

Do you want to fill the area above the entire span of countertop?

Wall cabinets? No, the windows look great as is. And low-to-counter window placement is a bonus.