My house was built in 1957 and has the original single pane windows. I need to replace them as they constantly sweat in the Texas heat/humidity and cause damage to the wood window sills.

I am wondering what is the right approach to replacement? I know that I don't want windows that have cheap casings and cut into the actual window/sight view (if that makes sense). I want something that allows the greatest amount of window possible.

Above is a photo of the windows I'm wanting to replace at this time. They all face north and never get full sun. They are very old, single pane, and casings are aluminium -- probably orignial windows. The top photo shows the windows I'm replacing above the kitchen counter/sink -- currently there are 2 sliders (from left to right) and a fixed piece of glass to the right of those. I plan to replace with a center slider above the sink and two fixed pieces of glass on either side. To the right of those (in front of the telescope) is another large fixed piece of glass and then a big slider to the right of the fixed piece of glass.

So my questions are: 1) what type of glass is best for visual acuity -- I'm assuming double pane but are there other things to consider when choosing glass? and 2) what type of material or brand of window is best and most modern for the small slider above the sink and 3) what type/brand of large sliding glass door would be a good replacement for the current one shown in the lower photo. Thanks in advance! Carla