Post pics of the area you are asking about. Ideally post in jpeg format please

To start you need a railing on those steps for sure . You will need to have someone give you some ideas about some type of overhang since it appears you have no space above the door. This might require some roof work to add a cover that cn actually do the job you want . Maybe a very simple flat overhang could be done to cover the steps and provide cover for guests with the use of posts for support , You will still need the railing .

Rainbow is correct on all accounts. The only thing I might add is be certain to use an experienced metal roofing contractor because there's 9 ways to mess it up and start roof leaking. If you have plans to add floor space, a larger roof than in Rainbow's picture might be a good start. A good contractor can add the gable roof in a fashion where you can enclose and finish out in stages as you can afford it.

I think if possible I would avoid the gable style but it is a tough space to deal with to keep the water and snow off guests and the steps.

PC Consulting, please help us understand why gable is a bad idea. Not only will it address op's need , it would dramatically improve curb appeal.

Curb appeal how is a gable that opens up a whole can of worms help? IMO the house needs so major work to add curb appel and if you strt messing wit the roof then IMO a whole front porch would add curb appeal once you open the can of works with the roof you might as well do it right. I agree it is an odd puzzle and the OP needs to really get a pro to help with what is possible in the budget Right now a railing and a much wider stoop is needed before the cover , whatever that may be

Can of worms? Adding a gable to this home is far smaller can of worms than moving walls which design consultants love having clients do. Granted both should only be attempted by experienced contractors but that's best pratice for any remodel project. So that everyone can see what can improve curb appeal more than adding a gable, would you mind sharing?

It appears there are gutters, downspouts on the right side. If no gutters, you need gutters. Maybe a free standing, four posts to hold up, not attached to house pergola type structure. Have it tall enough to overlap the roof of house a little bit.