This is our new, industrial style vanity base! The vanity base is constructed from solid steel and the doors have been treated with a chemical patina to give the piece a charming weathered, distressed appearance. It is handmade by us and can be customized in nearly any way imaginable. However, this listing is for one with overall dimensions of 61” W x 18.5” D x 31″ high. This piece is made without the marble top and we encourage our customers to source their own. This vanity base could also be built with a reclaimed wood top and sides if you prefer. We have built this one with four doors, but it could be made with more or less and with any patina or finish you see on any of our other pieces. We also often build these with drawers (inquire for details and pricing.). As shown, it is intended to have two vessel style sinks that would sit on top. For those using it in this configuration, your plumber would simply need to drill holes in the top. Or, if you’d like the cabinet to be taller for use with under mount sinks, let us know your exact specifications and we’d be happy to price it (including cutting out the holes for the sinks). This addition to your bathroom or powder room incorporates two distinct styles without either stealing the show. This piece of furniture could also be used as a buffet for the centerpiece of your next party, an eye-catching media console or aquarium stand. This truly unique and one of a kind piece could be customized in nearly any configuration you can imagine to suit the décor of your home. Be sure to contact us with any changes you desire to completely make it your own piece of *living furniture. Price (without marble top): $1,550.00. Please inquire for pricing on any changes you would like. Model: The Venus * Note: In humid environments, the steel finish can change a little over time. We do put a sealer on it, but over time it may still change slightly. **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ___________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

Exterior, brick, lime, limewash, painted brick, architectural finish

This is our new, industrial style vanity base! The vanity base is constructed from solid steel and the doors have been treated with a chemical patina to give the piece a charming weathered, distressed appearance. It is handmade by us and can be customized in nearly any way imaginable. However, this listing is for one with overall dimensions of 61” W x 18.5” D x 31″ high. This piece is made without the marble top and we encourage our customers to source their own. This vanity base could also be built with a reclaimed wood top and sides if you prefer. We have built this one with four doors, but it could be made with more or less and with any patina or finish you see on any of our other pieces. We also often build these with drawers (inquire for details and pricing.). As shown, it is intended to have two vessel style sinks that would sit on top. For those using it in this configuration, your plumber would simply need to drill holes in the top. Or, if you’d like the cabinet to be taller for use with under mount sinks, let us know your exact specifications and we’d be happy to price it (including cutting out the holes for the sinks). This addition to your bathroom or powder room incorporates two distinct styles without either stealing the show. This piece of furniture could also be used as a buffet for the centerpiece of your next party, an eye-catching media console or aquarium stand. This truly unique and one of a kind piece could be customized in nearly any configuration you can imagine to suit the décor of your home. Be sure to contact us with any changes you desire to completely make it your own piece of *living furniture. Price (without marble top): $1,550.00. Please inquire for pricing on any changes you would like. Model: The Venus * Note: In humid environments, the steel finish can change a little over time. We do put a sealer on it, but over time it may still change slightly. **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ___________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

This piece is our modern industrial retail cabinet and shelving unit. The sleek design could fit any modern boutique or vintage style retail setting. When used as a retail fixture, the small footprint does not take up valuable real estate in your establishment! It is handmade by us and can be made in any size or configuration imaginable. The lower cabinet area measures 24” W x 27 ¾” D x 27 ¾” H and is ordained with vintage industrial rivets. We have treated the sides and doors of the piece with a chemical patina that gives it its neutral dark color that matches any décor. The doors could be made with a mesh face or one of our beautiful reclaimed woods. Behind the doors is a fixed center shelf, but it could be made with a removable shelf, none at all or a vertical partition. Locks could also be installed to keep your belongings safe. The upper hutch has been designed with three removable shelves to display your wares, but more could be added. The hutch measures 24” W x 14 3/8” D x 54 ¼” H. The shelves are spaced at 12 ¾” and could also be made fixed or adjustable. The sides of the hutch are constructed of the same durable steel, but could be made with new or reclaimed wood (stained any color you like), or mesh for more visibility. Doors could also be added to the hutch to make it a cabinet area, with options including solid steel, mesh, and glass. The back of the unit is decorative, so it could be used as the centerpiece of your retail store. The back paneling is solid steel, but holes could be made in the back at no additional charge to accommodate power cords for LED lighting. This unit is made with straight legs but could be outfitted with casters for a mobile industrial retail fixture that can continue to adapt with the dynamic of your establishment. Overall dimensions of this piece are: 24” W x 28” D x 82” H Price as shown: $1,500.00 Model: The Montgomery __________________________________________ **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ____________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

This is our new, industrial style vanity base! The vanity base is constructed from solid steel and the doors have been treated with a chemical patina to give the piece a charming weathered, distressed appearance. It is handmade by us and can be customized in nearly any way imaginable. However, this listing is for one with overall dimensions of 61” W x 18.5” D x 31″ high. This piece is made without the marble top and we encourage our customers to source their own. This vanity base could also be built with a reclaimed wood top and sides if you prefer. We have built this one with four doors, but it could be made with more or less and with any patina or finish you see on any of our other pieces. We also often build these with drawers (inquire for details and pricing.). As shown, it is intended to have two vessel style sinks that would sit on top. For those using it in this configuration, your plumber would simply need to drill holes in the top. Or, if you’d like the cabinet to be taller for use with under mount sinks, let us know your exact specifications and we’d be happy to price it (including cutting out the holes for the sinks). This addition to your bathroom or powder room incorporates two distinct styles without either stealing the show. This piece of furniture could also be used as a buffet for the centerpiece of your next party, an eye-catching media console or aquarium stand. This truly unique and one of a kind piece could be customized in nearly any configuration you can imagine to suit the décor of your home. Be sure to contact us with any changes you desire to completely make it your own piece of *living furniture. Price (without marble top): $1,550.00. Please inquire for pricing on any changes you would like. Model: The Venus * Note: In humid environments, the steel finish can change a little over time. We do put a sealer on it, but over time it may still change slightly. **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ___________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

Originally, the exterior of the Napa ranch residence was a standard knocked down stucco finish. We covered over the entire exterior of the house with a natural plaster product that has been made in Italy for centuries, known as Rialto or Vero. This product is a combination of slaked lime mixed with 60% reconstituted crushed marble dust. Quarried from the legendary Carrara marble mines. The finish itself is a vertically combed striated texture embedded into the plaster. While it cures, a transparent group of patinas are applied to the stone-like plaster substance to create a look of an aged villa.

Gunite swimming pool was built in Coram, NY by Gappsi. This gunite swimming pool was built in Coram, NY by Gappsi. The construction design layout, created by Giuseppe Abbrancati, consists of 10 inch walls and an 8 inch floor with 5,000 PSI dry-shot cement mix. The travertine pavers surrounding the pool were installed on 4 inches of poured concrete base and one inch of clean sand. The joints between pavers were filled with polymeric sand.This gunite swimming pool was built to accommodate the clients wishes. It measures over 1,400 sq ft of surface area, and has a depth going from 46 to 50 inches deep. The Fiorito used for the pool coping and surrounding patio is one of the most beautiful travertine patterns selected from the Gappsi Natural Stone Showroom collection. The pool design also incorporates a large sundeck that features a jet bubbler. It is entertaining for the kids and also serves as small water fountain feature in the center of the sundeck.The deep end of the gunite swimming pool contains a free form stairs and bench design. The plaster finish applied on the swimming pool walls is Diamond Brite Tahiti Blue, which is a combination of Tahoe Blue and Super Blue Diamond Brite quartz finishes. 6x6 inch tiles were installed at the water line and 3x3 inch tiles were used as markers at the edges of the steps and benches.The pool has many options starting with 3 large LED lights in the pool, one small light in the sundeck step, and the bubbler used in the sundeck has a light as well. The entire gunite swimming pool has a full automation system that works from a smart phone, allowing the customer to control the gas heater, salt chlorine generator, and Ozone system. On the outside of the pool, a wood-burning fire pit was built with firebricks and veneered with travertine. And at the deep end, a Inter-Fab X-Stream 2 pool slide was installed. Letter From Customer Our experience with Gappsi began in August., 2017 and it was purely by chance. My husband found their website, and dropped by their business after setting up an appointment with another pool builder down the block from them. Immediately upon walking into their place of business, he received a hospitable reception which gave him the “warm and fuzzy” feeling he likes to get when doing a business transaction. This is his indication of an honest, trustworthy company. And his intuition proved to be right. Having spent months prior doing research, we knew exactly what we wanted, a gunite pool to fit the existing landscape of our nice sized yard. The owner, Giuseppe Abbrancati, came out, took notes and pictures of our yard, and within a week, had computer generated renderings, which we were able to modify on the spot. Giuseppe and his son, Emanuele, did a phenomenal job at giving us exactly what we wanted, instead of trying to sell us on the expensive add-on features that we didn’t want. And what that enabled us to do was go bigger with our free-form design, one of the largest residential gunite pools they had done and at a very reasonable price. The only major hiccup was when their project manager had to be replaced, but once that hurdle was overcome, the newly assigned project manager, Tosh, made sure getting our pool, the gas lines, the electrical, the masonry, the sodding and landscaping were all completed in time for the opening of our pool in June, 2018. We are delighted and thrilled beyond measure at our resort style backyard. We would recommend Gappsi, a family-run business, to all!! Thanks for making our home the “destination stay-cation” of Coram, NY for our family and friends!! Everyone is in awe when they see it!

Inspiration for a transitional home design remodel in Minneapolis

Unique pivot front door with frosted glass.
Front door - large contemporary dark wood floor front door idea with beige walls and a glass front door

Custom Surface Solutions (www.css-tile.com) - Owner Craig Thompson (512) 430-1215. This project shows new 12 x 24 tile installed vertically with offset layout pattern on wall and floor. Includes shower box with linear glass accent tile back and vertical glass accent band. Tile edges are finished with Schluter Jolly satin aluminum profile edge trim.

Due to its deteriorating condition, the asphalt roll roofing on this ADU required replacement before the Fall rains. Asphalt roll roofing generally lasts only 5-10 years, leading to ongoing maintenance challenges. The original 1×10 sheathing showed significant sagging in several spots, resulting in standing water not suitable for asphalt. Additionally, there was a complete absence of ventilation after improper installation of R-21 fiberglass insulation, leaving no air gap between the sheathing and insulation. A noticeable hump along the center of the roof indicated that the load-bearing wall had been supporting that section since construction, contributing to light sagging between the walls. The old roof was completely removed down to the joists, revealing a solid base for the new installation. The central hump was eliminated by shaving the high point along that line. 2×6 beams were ripped in half then nailed on top of the existing joists, creating a 1.5″ gap for insulation and providing strong attachment points for the OSB sheathing, which was secured with screws to prevent any potential issues with nail heads popping through over the roof’s expected lifespan of over 50 years. The EPDM membrane was then adhered using glue and contact cement along the edges of each sheet, with the ends folded over the roof edges and secured with termination bars. Drip edge flashing was added and taped to ensure a water-tight seal, and EPDM-safe caulking was applied over the seams for additional protection. Finally, all exposed wood was primed and painted. The new roof features a 60mil commercial-grade EPDM rubber membrane, offering a lifespan exceeding 50 years, in stark contrast to the 5-10 year lifespan of asphalt roll roofing. Using two sheets of EPDM for installation streamlined the process, resulting in one single seam across the entire roof, compared to the asphalt roll’s dimensions of 3 feet wide by 33 feet long, which created 8 vertical seams and 9 horizontal seams—significantly increasing the risk of leakage and failure. Wrapping the rubber over the edge of the roof effectively addressed concerns about water infiltration at the edges, an issue prevalent with the asphalt and drip edge interface. Another benefit to removing the splitting 1×10 decking and replacing it with OSB sheathing is the increase in structural integrity, moisture resistance, longevity and consistency. The project successfully transformed the ADU’s roof from a maintenance-prone asphalt roll system to a highly durable 60mil EPDM rubber membrane. By addressing critical structural issues, including sagging sheathing and inadequate ventilation, the team ensured that the new roof not only offers superior water resistance and longevity but also meets higher performance standards for insulation and durability. The replacement process eliminated common weak points, such as numerous seams and poor edge sealing, which were vulnerabilities in the old roofing system. The result is a streamlined, secure installation that provides peace of mind and long-term value, with a lifespan extending well beyond the original roof.

Photo: Lauren Edith Anderson © 2016 Houzz
Example of a classic home design design in San Francisco

Gunite swimming pool was built in Coram, NY by Gappsi. This gunite swimming pool was built in Coram, NY by Gappsi. The construction design layout, created by Giuseppe Abbrancati, consists of 10 inch walls and an 8 inch floor with 5,000 PSI dry-shot cement mix. The travertine pavers surrounding the pool were installed on 4 inches of poured concrete base and one inch of clean sand. The joints between pavers were filled with polymeric sand.This gunite swimming pool was built to accommodate the clients wishes. It measures over 1,400 sq ft of surface area, and has a depth going from 46 to 50 inches deep. The Fiorito used for the pool coping and surrounding patio is one of the most beautiful travertine patterns selected from the Gappsi Natural Stone Showroom collection. The pool design also incorporates a large sundeck that features a jet bubbler. It is entertaining for the kids and also serves as small water fountain feature in the center of the sundeck.The deep end of the gunite swimming pool contains a free form stairs and bench design. The plaster finish applied on the swimming pool walls is Diamond Brite Tahiti Blue, which is a combination of Tahoe Blue and Super Blue Diamond Brite quartz finishes. 6x6 inch tiles were installed at the water line and 3x3 inch tiles were used as markers at the edges of the steps and benches.The pool has many options starting with 3 large LED lights in the pool, one small light in the sundeck step, and the bubbler used in the sundeck has a light as well. The entire gunite swimming pool has a full automation system that works from a smart phone, allowing the customer to control the gas heater, salt chlorine generator, and Ozone system. On the outside of the pool, a wood-burning fire pit was built with firebricks and veneered with travertine. And at the deep end, a Inter-Fab X-Stream 2 pool slide was installed. Letter From Customer Our experience with Gappsi began in August., 2017 and it was purely by chance. My husband found their website, and dropped by their business after setting up an appointment with another pool builder down the block from them. Immediately upon walking into their place of business, he received a hospitable reception which gave him the “warm and fuzzy” feeling he likes to get when doing a business transaction. This is his indication of an honest, trustworthy company. And his intuition proved to be right. Having spent months prior doing research, we knew exactly what we wanted, a gunite pool to fit the existing landscape of our nice sized yard. The owner, Giuseppe Abbrancati, came out, took notes and pictures of our yard, and within a week, had computer generated renderings, which we were able to modify on the spot. Giuseppe and his son, Emanuele, did a phenomenal job at giving us exactly what we wanted, instead of trying to sell us on the expensive add-on features that we didn’t want. And what that enabled us to do was go bigger with our free-form design, one of the largest residential gunite pools they had done and at a very reasonable price. The only major hiccup was when their project manager had to be replaced, but once that hurdle was overcome, the newly assigned project manager, Tosh, made sure getting our pool, the gas lines, the electrical, the masonry, the sodding and landscaping were all completed in time for the opening of our pool in June, 2018. We are delighted and thrilled beyond measure at our resort style backyard. We would recommend Gappsi, a family-run business, to all!! Thanks for making our home the “destination stay-cation” of Coram, NY for our family and friends!! Everyone is in awe when they see it!

This is one of our latest designs: a leather media console! It would also serve perfectly as a rustic credenza, sideboard or buffet and would look amazing in any eclectic interior or rustic cabin setting. This rustic media console is handmade with rawhide by us here in our shop located in Texas. It can be made in any size or configuration, but the one in this listing is for one that is 18” deep and 27” high (see listing options for common widths. One shown is 72” wide). Please email for pricing on any custom sizes. As you can see, it has four doors that are leather (authentic leather), but we can make it with any number of doors. Or, we can make it with mesh doors (like you see on many of our other media consoles) so remote control infrared signals can pass through. The top, sides, and doors are also real leather but can be made with reclaimed wood. Or, for a more industrial look, we can add decorative rivets as you see on many of our other items. There is one inner shelf that spans the entire width of the unit. There are no inner partitions, so wide AV components can easily fit inside. There is a back with a 2” gap at the bottom for cables to exit. We can make the legs any height you’d like. So, if you want a more “chunky” looking unit, we can make it with shorter legs. Or, prefer a visually “lighter” looking unit? We can make it with taller legs. We can also all solid steel wheels to give it a bar cart height. Another popular configuration for this particular piece is to make it with a brown frame as opposed to the black one shown. We can also make your unit in either of the 3 types of leather shown Select “tan”, “brown-white”, or “suede.” Model: The Goodnight (named after the famous American west cattle rancher, Charlie Goodnight). Price as shown: $1,650.00 Please inquire for pricing on any custom configurations. NOTE: We only source leather from socially responsible providers and they are recycled from the meat industry. So, no animals are killed strictly for their fur – cowhides are a byproduct of the farming/meat industry. Also, be aware that we use real hides. So, expect some variation as all are unique. Some hides might contain some small natural marks due to conditions inherent to natural animal products such as branding. All natural cowhides have small, minor flaws, which adds to their authenticity. __________________________________________ **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ____________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

This is one of our latest designs: a leather media console! It would also serve perfectly as a rustic credenza, sideboard or buffet and would look amazing in any eclectic interior or rustic cabin setting. This rustic media console is handmade with rawhide by us here in our shop located in Texas. It can be made in any size or configuration, but the one in this listing is for one that is 18” deep and 27” high (see listing options for common widths. One shown is 72” wide). Please email for pricing on any custom sizes. As you can see, it has four doors that are leather (authentic leather), but we can make it with any number of doors. Or, we can make it with mesh doors (like you see on many of our other media consoles) so remote control infrared signals can pass through. The top, sides, and doors are also real leather but can be made with reclaimed wood. Or, for a more industrial look, we can add decorative rivets as you see on many of our other items. There is one inner shelf that spans the entire width of the unit. There are no inner partitions, so wide AV components can easily fit inside. There is a back with a 2” gap at the bottom for cables to exit. We can make the legs any height you’d like. So, if you want a more “chunky” looking unit, we can make it with shorter legs. Or, prefer a visually “lighter” looking unit? We can make it with taller legs. We can also all solid steel wheels to give it a bar cart height. Another popular configuration for this particular piece is to make it with a brown frame as opposed to the black one shown. We can also make your unit in either of the 3 types of leather shown Select “tan”, “brown-white”, or “suede.” Model: The Goodnight (named after the famous American west cattle rancher, Charlie Goodnight). Price as shown: $1,650.00 Please inquire for pricing on any custom configurations. NOTE: We only source leather from socially responsible providers and they are recycled from the meat industry. So, no animals are killed strictly for their fur – cowhides are a byproduct of the farming/meat industry. Also, be aware that we use real hides. So, expect some variation as all are unique. Some hides might contain some small natural marks due to conditions inherent to natural animal products such as branding. All natural cowhides have small, minor flaws, which adds to their authenticity. __________________________________________ **EACH PIECE IS HANDMADE. Therefore, no two pieces will be the same. The patina will vary from piece to piece, and the lighter more splotchy pieces will vary greatly. --- **TURNAROUND IS ABOUT 3 1/2 WEEKS, but varies from time to time so please feel free to contact me for a more accurate time frame. --- **Shipping will be quoted for "Standard Delivery" If you would like a quote on inside delivery, be sure to indicate that choice when requesting a quote. ____________________________________________ ABOUT US: We create custom, unique furniture unlike anything you will find. Our intention is to give you a piece of furniture that you will admire and enjoy for years to come and that will leave your house-guests envious! Our work is 100% hand crafted in the United States and made to last a lifetime. These unique pieces fit perfectly with any urban/modern, mid-century, or rustic décor. All of our pieces can be made in many configurations and sizes to suit your specific style and needs. There are many options available as each piece is designed just for you, so, if you have any thoughts, please contact us and we would be happy to let you know what your options are. * All rights reserved; Combine 9 Design, LLC

Ever notice how your iron fence looks more rust than paint after another brutal Chicago winter? That is usually the moment homeowners start searching for a painting contractor who actually understands metal - not just someone who will brush a coat of black paint over active corrosion and call it done. At Windy City Painters, iron fence restoration is one of our most requested services on the North Side and Near West Side, and for good reason. These fences are old, they are beautiful, and they deserve a proper finish system. PROJECT OVERVIEW This project involved a full ornamental iron fence on a North Side greystone property. The fence was original to the building - likely installed in the 1910s or 1920s - and had gone through multiple paint cycles without any rust conversion work. By the time Windy City Painters arrived, the horizontal rails showed active pitting, the vertical spindles had surface rust under lifting paint, and two corner posts had minor joint separation. The homeowner wanted the fence restored to a sharp satin black finish that would hold through multiple Chicago winters. MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS Ospho Rust Converter - phosphoric acid formula that chemically neutralizes iron oxide and converts it to iron phosphate, a stable paintable surface. Used on all pitted and actively corroded areas before primer application. Rust-Oleum DTM Rust-Inhibitive Primer - direct-to-metal primer that bonds to both converted rust zones and bare metal, blocking moisture intrusion at the substrate level. Sherwin-Williams DTM Acrylic Topcoat - flexible, moisture-resistant finish formulated to expand and contract with metal through temperature cycling. Applied in two finish coats in satin black. For cases with deeper rust penetration, Corroseal Water-Based Rust Converter and Metal Primer is an alternative that combines conversion and priming in a single product, useful on complex ornamental profiles where two-product systems are harder to apply. THE PROCESS Step 1 - Mechanical Preparation. Windy City Painters wire-wheels all loose rust, flaking paint, and scale using angle grinders fitted with wire wheel attachments. On heavily pitted sections, needle gun descaling is used to reach rust in tight ornamental grooves. This step is non-negotiable. No coating bonds reliably to iron oxide, and skipping this step is the single most common reason iron fence paint fails within a year. Step 2 - Rust Conversion. Ospho is brushed into all pitted and bare metal areas and allowed to fully react. The surface shifts from orange to a grayish-black iron phosphate layer. This stable base accepts primer without the risk of rust migrating upward through the paint film over time. Step 3 - Primer Coat. Rust-Oleum DTM rust-inhibitive primer is applied full coverage over the entire fence surface, including areas that appeared clean but showed minor surface oxidation. DTM primer acts as a moisture barrier and mechanical adhesion layer for the finish coats. Step 4 - Finish Coats. Two coats of Sherwin-Williams DTM acrylic topcoat are applied in satin black, with adequate dry time between coats. The DTM formula remains flexible after cure, allowing the iron to expand and contract through Chicago temperature swings without the topcoat cracking or peeling at joints. CHICAGO-SPECIFIC CHALLENGES Ornamental iron on Chicago greystones, two-flats, and Victorian brownstones was almost never hot-dip galvanized. It was painted from installation and has relied on continuous paint maintenance ever since. Chicago winters add specific stress: freeze-thaw cycles force water into any paint film crack, expanding it; road salt spray elevates corrosive chloride exposure; and humidity during spring thaw keeps metal surfaces wet for extended periods. This combination accelerates rust spread beneath paint films that appear intact on the surface. WHAT TO EXPECT LONG-TERM A properly prepped and primed iron fence finished with a DTM topcoat system should hold 5-8 years in Chicago conditions before any touch-up is warranted. Annual inspection of joints, welds, and areas near grade level will catch early moisture entry before it becomes a larger rust issue. Windy City Painters recommends scheduling touch-up earlier rather than waiting for full paint failure to protect the prep investment. PRO TIPS Tip 1 - Address joint separation before painting. If fence rails have separated at welds or mechanical joints, water will enter and rust will restart from inside the connection point regardless of the exterior coating. Flag any separated joints for welding before any paint system is applied. Tip 2 - Never use latex house paint on iron fences. Standard exterior latex lacks the adhesion and flexibility for bare metal. Always use a product labeled DTM or specify a rust-inhibitive primer underneath any finish coat applied to iron. Tip 3 - Paint in late spring or early fall. Iron fences exposed to full sun in peak summer heat can reach surface temperatures that cause solvent-based coatings to blister during application. Ideal application conditions are 50-85 degrees Fahrenheit with low humidity and no direct intense sun on the metal surface. Learn more about iron fence painting cost in Chicago and schedule your free estimate at windypainters.com FAQ Q: What does iron fence painting cost in Chicago? A: Windy City Painters typically prices residential iron fence painting at $8-$18 per linear foot. Variables include rust severity, spindle density, ornamental profile complexity, and whether rust conversion products like Ospho or Corroseal are required before priming. Q: Can you paint over rust without grinding it off first? A: No. Windy City Painters always performs mechanical prep before any coating. Wire wheel grinding removes loose scale and flaking paint. Rust converters handle residual oxidation chemically. Skipping this step means the new paint film will delaminate within one season. Q: How do I know if my iron fence needs a welder before painting? A: Windy City Painters inspects all joints and rail connections during the estimate. Rail separation, cracked welds, or sections that flex when pressed indicate structural issues that should be welded before any paint system is applied to avoid reopening at stress points. Q: What is the difference between Ospho and Corroseal? A: Both are rust converters. Ospho is a phosphoric acid solution applied as a separate step before priming, giving maximum control over conversion and primer selection. Corroseal combines conversion and primer in one product, which works well on complex ornamental profiles where a two-step system is harder to apply evenly. Q: How long does the paint last on an iron fence in Chicago? A: With full mechanical prep, rust conversion, DTM primer, and two DTM topcoats, Windy City Painters clients typically see 5-8 years of performance before touch-up is needed, even through Chicago freeze-thaw cycling and road salt exposure. Q: Do you paint iron fences that are still structurally sound but heavily rusted on the surface? A: Yes. Surface rust, even heavy pitting, does not necessarily indicate structural failure. Windy City Painters evaluates each fence individually. As long as the metal is sound under the rust, proper mechanical prep and a rust converter restore the surface to a paintable condition.

A friend noticed a damp, musty smell coming from her living room fireplace the week after a February thaw. When she called a masonry technician from Superior Chimney, to take a look, and found that water had been working its way behind the bricks for years. What started as a small crack now meant her chimney needed structural repairs before she could safely use it again. Chimney repairs are any work done to restore the structural and weatherproof condition of a chimney. This can include mortar joint repair, brick replacement, crown repair, flue repair, and cap or flashing replacement. Most Chicagoland homeowners discover the need for chimney repairs often times after winter, when the freeze and thaw cycles have already done its damage. Uncovering the symptoms early is the best way to keep chimney repairs down. Let’s discuss how that can be done. Why Chicagoland Weather Is Especially Hard on Chimneys Chicagoland has some of the most polarized weather. One day it’s a blizzard and the next week hot, humid and 100 degrees. That swing in weather conditions and temperatures are the real reasons why chimney repairs are needed. When moisture from humid and rainy days’ soak into brick and mortar and then freezes, it expands. As it begins to thaw, the materials contract. Repeat that cycle dozens of times in a single Illinois winter and even solid masonry in the chimney starts to crack, spall, and separate from the joints holding it together. This is called the freeze thaw cycle. We’ve talked about it many times over the years, and it continues to be the single biggest reason homes need chimney repairs more often than homes in milder climates. The Chimney Safety Institute of America (CSIA), the leading nonprofit certifying body for chimney professionals in the United States, notes that water intrusion is one of the most damaging and most preventable problems. If the problem is left to mature, it affects more than the appearance. It compromises the structure itself. What Do Chimney Repairs Involve? Not every chimney problem requires the same fix. Chimney repairs generally fall into a few categories. Understanding the difference, helps homeowners have a more informed conversation with the expert technician. Mortar joint repair or tuckpointing. This involves removing deteriorated mortar between bricks and replacing it with fresh mortar, matched to the original color and texture as closely as possible. Brick replacement. When individual bricks have spalled, meaning the face has cracked or popped off from trapped moisture, those bricks are removed and replaced. Crown and cap repair. The crown is the concrete slab at the very top of the chimney. Cracks both big and small let water directly into the chimney flue. Chimney crown repair is often one of the most urgent forms of chimney repairs. Flashing repair. Flashing is the barrier where the chimney meets the roofline. Loose, damaged or poorly installed flashing is a common source for water leaks. The roof gets the blame as it is the largest piece that covers the house. However, it certainly can be the overlooked chimney. Flue and liner repair. Cracked flue tiles or damaged liners affect how safely a chimney vents smoke and combustion gases. When to Know a Chimney Needs Repair Most chimney damage shows up as small, easy to dismiss way. Let’s take a look at the following list. Be sure to print this out and keep it handy so if/when something happens, you know what to look for. • Water stains near the fireplace or on the ceiling • A brownish stain on the wall around your fireplace, or a stain on the ceiling near an exterior chimney. This means water is getting in somewhere it should not. • Crumbling or missing mortar • If you can see gaps between bricks, or mortar that flakes off when you touch it • A leaning or visibly shifting chimney • A chimney that appears to pull away from the house, even slightly, could indicate a structural issue • White staining on the brick (efflorescence) • Chalky white residue left behind as water evaporates out of the masonry. It is a visible sign that moisture is moving through brick • Rusted damper or firebox components • Metal parts inside a fireplace that are rusting are a strong indicator that moisture is present • Debris in the fireplace • Small chunks of brick, mortar, or tile landing in the firebox What are the Various Types of Chimney Repair? This is a compiled list of chimney repairs so you can be aware of what to look for. If you have any questions, contact us directly at 877-244-6349. Homeowners who schedule chimney repairs at the first sign of trouble typically spend far less than those who wait until water damage reaches the interior of the home. This is a great reason to contact Superior Chimney at 877-244-6349. Why an Annual Inspection Matters More Than People Think The CSIA and the National Fire Protection Association both recommend that chimneys, fireplaces, and vents be inspected at least once a year, whether or not the fireplace gets used. This recommendation exists because damage does not take a break just because a chimney sits without any use. According to data stated by the CSIA, chimney related fires still contribute to tens of thousands of residential fires across the United States each year, and a large share of those incidents can be traced back to deferred maintenance. An annual chimney inspection is what catches the small mortar crack or the hairline crown crack before it turns into a repair bill. Hiring the Right Company for Chimney Repairs Not every company who offers chimney repair work has the certified training to diagnose a problem correctly. CSIA certification is the most widely recognized credential in the industry, and it requires technicians to study chimney physics, venting systems, and fire codes. After the studies, the new technician needs to pass an exam and agree to a professional code of ethics. When you call, be sure to ask: Are your technicians CSIA certified, and can I verify that certification? Will you show me photos or video of the damage before starting work? Does the estimate distinguish between cosmetic repair and structural repair? At Superior Chimney, we welcome these and other of your questions. How Chimney Repairs Affect Insurance and Resale A chimney in poor condition can complicate a home sale or an insurance claim. Home inspectors routinely report on visible mortar loss, leaning chimneys, or missing chimney caps. Some insurers will request proof of repair before renewing a policy on an older home. Addressing chimney repairs proactively protects more than curb appeal. It protects the sale timeline and the claims history associated to the property. Frequently Asked Questions How often should a Chicago area chimney be inspected? At least once a year, per CSIA and NFPA guidance, regardless of how often the fireplace is used. Can chimney repairs be done in winter? Some interior repairs can happen in cold weather, but most masonry repair requires temperatures consistently above freezing. Spring and fall are the most common repair times in the Chicago area. Is tuckpointing the same thing as chimney repair? Tuckpointing is one type of chimney repair, focused on replacing deteriorated mortar joints. Does homeowners insurance cover chimney repairs? It depends. Sudden damage from a storm may be covered, while gradual deterioration from lack of maintenance typically is not. So Finally… Taking care of your home includes a chimney. Just because you don’t see it every day, doesn’t mean things aren’t happening. Be sure to get a chimney inspection done once per year by a certified and credible company such as Superior Chimney to take care of the issues. Contact us today by calling 877-244-6349.

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