I am also wondering if I should plant a sprouted bulb of garlic. Until I find out what to do, the bulb is sitting next to the window for some sunlight. Will garlic work in a container? Thank you for your help!

I will share a summary of what I've read on other forums and websites...

Garlic cloves can be planted either in the ground or in a container. If you have an entire bulb, separate each clove, and plant them 6 to 8 inches apart. Like all bulbs, each one should be planted with the pointed side up (where the green sprout comes from). There should be 3 inches from the root end (bottom) of the clove to the top of the soil. Allow the plant to flower. Once the flower has died and 2/3 of the green has become brown, dig up the entire plant. Each clove will have produced an entire bulb of garlic. Save whatever cloves you wish to plant again, and cook with the rest. Best of luck!