You're overthinking it a bit, but it's a good question.

1,2,3) These are generally true, but some "morning person" KBG sprouts will be up in 3-5 days. Some "night owl" sprouts will wait until day 30+. There's a pretty wide distribution curve.

It's generally considered wise to cut the lawn at 2" or shorter the first time, the first instant you'll be nicking off the tips. That encourages bushiness in the grass plants. Post that, you can start raising the cut height.

If you do let it go and end up breaking the one-third rule, it's no major problem once or twice. It's just not good to make a habit of it.

For watering, keep up the sprout watering until the KBG is in. It's not a long enough period to cause any issues with the TTTF or rye. Once the KBG is finished, back off slowly. Drop watering to once a day but for longer periods, keep it there for a week or two, then drop to every other day for even longer periods. And so on. The season will end before you hit weekly watering (and rainfall will fill in some of those irrigations for you), but that's no problem.

In spring, let nature take its course unless the lawn is drought stressed--don't allow that at all the first year, when roots aren't fully developed and the grass is weaker. With a young lawn, you'll need to water more often than on an established turf stand. By September 2016 the grass will be in and you can then treat it as an established lawn.