This is not bamboo. It looks to me like horsetail, which is a very invasive weed that most people regret planting. If you want to grow it in a container, place the pot on a saucer so that the roots don't escape through the drainage hole.
Horsetail info

Thanks so much for your response, awesome info :)

Yeah, looks like horsetail. Grows where nothing else will, like among the creosote and gravel alongside railroad tracks.

What you have there is Equisetum - better known as Horsetail or Water Bamboo. It isn't really a bamboo at all. It prefers a moist to wet soil and will grow prolifically when happy. :)

This type of Equisetum is called Scouring rush.