Sure, why not? You could also look into two-tone cabinets, white on the top and any color you'd like on the bottom.

[houzz=https://www.houzz.com/photos/ashbury-heights-victorians-remodeled-kitchen-transitional-kitchen-san-francisco-phvw-vp~177415]

[houzz=https://www.houzz.com/photos/light-and-modern-in-downtown-austin-contemporary-kitchen-austin-phvw-vp~5050040]

It appears they are fairly new cabinets, perhaps you could replace the doors with a simple flat front if you want to be more midcentury without too much expense. If paint is the only option white is a good basic, but they'll still look fairly traditional in white. To make them feel more MCM I would probably paint them something more colorful lie this: