I was presented with the same dilemma when I recently had a similar sink installed. I asked the kitchen designer which was the "correct" placement. They advised there is no "correct" choice and it was personal taste. I told them to go ahead and do whatever they did most often. Mine is installed centred on the sink, not lined up with the 60/40 divider. It looks great and I haven't given it another thought until I saw this post.

All this to say, IMO centred on the sink is a good choice!

Lined up with the post will make it easier to spray/clean the smaller sink.

My setup is exactly like thr second picture (similar faucet; 60/40 sink with a half-height divider) and I love it. Sink is centered under a window so I never considered anything else!

IMO it depends on the faucet so show the faucet

Very nice finish.