I don't have a formal checklist for you, but my SO and I walked through slowly and looked carefully at everything. And we've walked through multiple times and found more things each time, so if you only have one chance take your time and be picky! Bring a notebook, pen, blue tape, an outlet tester, flashlight, measuring tape and a small level. Here are things we looked at:

• Walls and ceilings: paint drips, missed spots, areas that needed to be redone, spots on the floor, etc. Are can lights and vent covers tight against the ceilings and walls, or are there gaps?
• Check every light switch. Do you have all the dimmers you want? Do 3-way switches work as expected? Anything flicker when on, when dimmed? Do all remotes work? (e.g. if you have ceiling fans.) Are the areas around switch plates painted neatly?
• Check every outlet with your outlet tester to make sure they all work.
• Windows: check each for opening/closing smoothly. Check if all screens are there and if they fit properly. Check trim for a good finish / no drips or missed spots.
• Cabinets: check every drawer, door, and pullout for smooth operation and any nicks or issues with the finish. Make sure every drawer and door is aligned properly.
• Check all appliances, fixtures, and faucets to make sure they're working properly. Ditto the furnace, AC, house fan, etc.
• Garage: do the doors work? Do they close with a good fit? Do you have the remotes and codes for opening the doors?
• Doors - interior and exterior: check the finishes, fit, handles/knobs, locks. Every door, every edge. (We had some rough spots on edges.) Do you have all the keys?
• Floors: our hardwood floors were, at first glance, a dream. But looking more closely we started to see areas where the finish brush strokes overlapped (or something, don't know how to describe) and caused some discoloration that is not related to the natural variance of the wood. Long story short, they're coming out this week for the third time to sand a bit and finish again.
• Counters: any chips or cracks? Do they fit well against the walls? Are they level? Are the edges of cutouts smooth?

That's a start! We did a remodel, not a new build, so I don't have anything for exterior items like roof, downspouts, etc.