Inspiration for an eclectic powder room remodel in Charlotte

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barley twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography

D. Johnson
Home design - traditional home design idea in Denver

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barley twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barley twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barley twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography

Staircase - transitional staircase idea

Inspiration for a modern wooden spiral open staircase remodel in Atlanta

Alcove shower - mid-sized modern master white tile and ceramic tile ceramic tile, white floor and double-sink alcove shower idea in Boston with recessed-panel cabinets, dark wood cabinets, a one-piece toilet, white walls, a drop-in sink, quartz countertops, white countertops and a floating vanity

Inspiration for a cottage staircase remodel in Calgary

The Hollywood Hills Dollhouse - architectural gem and engineering masterpiece! Named to evoke a childhood memory of a dollhouse, this imposing architectural structure has a luxurious front facade and behind a remaining structure that is comprised of almost all glass giving the appearance and feeling of a dollhouse. This stunning gem is incomparable as there is no other house in the Los Angeles area that shares this unique architectural design. This unrivaled property is not the standard rectangular cube seen throughout the Hollywood Hills but an elegant, design-centric structure consisting of wood, glass and steel overlooking the city of Los Angeles and beyond.The rich, glossy Brazilian IPE hardwood that envelops the structure gives the this trophy house its recognizability from miles away, during both daytime and at night. It is brilliantly designed with an entrance that gives way to a sprawling open space with endless possibilities and approximately 13,000 sq feet for living, working and playing. This state-of-the art property was developed and built around three core principles: an unique and recognizable architectural design, endless views and a hotel-like experience. The property stands on a peerless promontory above the heart of the Sunset Strip offering 300+ degrees views. On every level there is a superb wrap-around experience where one can walk from one end of the property to the other while enjoying uninterrupted views. The structure comprises of 4 levels named for their functionality and versatility. First area, also known as the Play, Work & Be Well level is a 4000SF basement level comprised of terrace, orchard and indoor and outdoor space. In this level, there is also a Wellness Center with a twenty-three jet spa, a dry and infrared heat sauna, an aromatherapy Roman bath and a steam room. Also, on this level is what is dubbed the Play room with a red draped theater, game room, and a wine bar and cellar. An indoor-outdoor creative office space with a full-wall whiteboard, desks and conference table called the Work room is next door. Because this house is built with luxury amenities bearing in mind its future residents lifestyle it has an exterior basement stairwell allowing staff, associates, personal trainers, masseuse or stylists to arrive without entering via main entrance. This feature provides an additional level of privacy and decadence. Every detail of this house has been flawlessly curated to provide the utmost quality of luxe living. The Hollywood Hills Dollhouse has an entrance level with almost 2000 square foot ground floor that expands into an opulent 1800 square foot pool deck and catwalk. This area is referred to as Entertain level because it was designed to be the quintessential California experience. It has a spacious living area, full amenities kitchen and a phenomenal pool deck overlooking unique geometrically shaped pool and spa. The exquisite Masterpiece bedroom and three regal, en-suite bedrooms are situated on a sprawling 2,300 square foot floor designed around the breathtaking views. The Masterpiece bedroom, which is the name of master suite, embraces all the concepts that predominate in the creation of this house- modern architecture, energy, breathtaking views, functionality, recognizability, and luxury. The rooftop is named the Take your Breath Away level is an 2,800 square foot open deck with 360-degree views that provides a spectacular visual experience. It was designed to evoke a wondrous reaction in whomever walks towards this space.Each level is named after a verb mainly to illustrate what this monumental 13,000 square foot of meticulously developed space can provide which is a sanctuary to play, work, be well, entertain, rest and enjoy the breathtaking views in a tranquil setting. Simply put, the Hollywood Hills Dollhouse is unmatched in everything it has to offer. It is one of a kind and you will get a sense of awe the minute you set foot in this house beyond comparison.

After long waiting, Expo Milan 2015 has finally opened its doors! Among more than 140 pavilions to describe the world, UAE pavilions , an imposing structure , including a theater and the Emir apartment was created . The pavilion, which stands for modernity, is one of the larger lots of Expo Milano 2015, and benefits from a privileged location, right in the center of the exhibition, alongside the main axis Decumanus. The FOSTER+PARTNERS architectural office , who designed it, was able to reflect the country's cultural heritage and in particular its focus on sustainable development. The amazing shape is shaped by a series of rippled walls, with a height over 12 meters, evoking both the shaded streets of country’s historic settlements , and the magnificent sand dunes of its deserts. There is also a charming green space dedicated to the native vegetation. At the end of the World Fair The lot will be dismantled and reassembled in Masdar City. THE CONTRIBUTION OF GRASSI PIETRE Grassi Pietre also participated in the creation of this wonderful project by FOSTER+PARTNERS. In particular (on behalf of Tecton, Reggio Emilia - Italy) the company from Nanto (Vicenza - Italy) provided 500 square meters of flooring in Trani Biancone - slabs 120x70x2 cm in honed finish - used for the Emir apartment (located inside the pavilion) and the lower level flooring adjacent to the auditorium. The Grassi Pietre marble was also used to clad the interior stairs leading to the apartment: Grassi Pietre provided the Trani Biancone for the shaped stairs, 3 cm thick honed surface. Moreover, Grassi Pietre also supplied 40 square meters of floor in marble Trani Biancone, in sandblasted finish (4 cm thick), for the outside terraces. The external staircase was built instead in Trani Bronzetto. All the outside surface have a non slippery bushhammered surface. TRANI BIANCONE And BRONZETTO Trani is a marble that moves between shades of beige (Bronzetto ), ivory (Biancone ) and rosé. The nuance changes depending on the variety. It is characterized by the many thin and sinuous veins. TECHNICAL INFORMATION Year of execution: 2014/2015 Lot size: 4386 m² Height: 12 m Capacity: 785 people/hour Location: Milano - Expo 2015 GRASSI PIETRE SRL (material supplier described above) via Madonetta, 2 | 36024 Nanto (Vi) Italy | www.grassipietre.it | info@grassipietre.it | www.facebook.com/grassipietre | TECTON SOC. COOP (Realization) via Galliano, 10 | 42124 Reggio Emilia Italy | www.tecton.it | info@tecton.it | FOSTER + PARTNERS (Design Studio) www.fosterandpartners.com PHOTO CREDITS: Cristian Iotti | www.cristianiotti.com |

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barclay twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography

Welcome to the realm of exceptional quality and style, where our finest vinyl PVC doors are synonymous to durability and elegance. We prominently showcase doors, striking a perfect balance between uncompromising quality and aesthetic allure. When Quality Meets Design Our collection of vinyl doors unveils a broad spectrum of designs, catering to the evolving tastes of our clientele worldwide. Each piece melds form and function harmoniously, seamlessly integrating into your space to set a precedent for sophisticated living. The main highlight of our collection is undoubtedly its Metal-Plastic material, which ensures remarkable resilience and longevity. Immerse Yourself in the Darkness Infuse a pinch of intense serenity into your indoor ambience with our Matte Black PVC doors. The colour palette is meticulously chosen to render an impactful, visually captivating contrast that can transform each entryway into a remarkable art piece. Matched with frosted glass, they showcase a touch of modern elegance while maintaining privacy. Like a dew-kissed morning in a tranquil forest, these doors illuminate an air of subtle sophistication and understated beauty. Exceptionally sized for your unique needs The dimensions of our doors transcend the ordinary standards. Measuring an updated W36" x H94", these large format doors are designed to make an imposing statement. We recommend an opening size of 38 1/2" x 96 1/2" for a perfect fitting. They respect not only the architectural symmetry but also your desire for a spacious living environment. The Grace of a Right-Hand Swing Door The functionality of our PVC doors is embodied in its right-hand swing direction. Single panel configuration is employed in this swing type, ensuring easy operation and maintenance. The door system type is designed in such a way that it provides an effortless entrance or exit, transcending the realms of mere utility to an enhanced user experience. An investment to cherish For those on a quest to buy exterior doors in New York, our vinyl PVC doors assure not just satisfactory purchase but an investment to cherish for the ages. Each structure stands as a testament to our impeccable craftsmanship and commitment to delivering only the best to our clients. Pioneers in door crafting As a reputed door shop in New York, our pursuit of perfection knows no bounds. It’s not just about crafting doors; it's about creating lasting impressions. Choose our Vinyl PVC doors and experience the sophistication of owning a timeless masterpiece right in the heart of your home. To maintain the warranty, a canopy is required over the door.

There are 97 leaf tile tiles in 1 m2. The product size is 9cmx15 cmx 1cm. The back side is matt-based and serrated, the front side is glazed and glossy polished. Leaf Çini ceramic tile features are a dimension that expresses the structure as a multi-colored color with the tile tiles decorations. - Material made of ceramic material. Tiles are converted into water and cleaning materials. - Decorating the leaf tile tile for many years. Color and pattern do not exist. - Water and moisture clean thanks to the glossy glazed polished. - It does not form mold. - In places where Leaf Tile tiles are used, we breathe cool and warm in summer. - Figure the days of sound waves taking advantage of the reflective feature of the days in the regions caused by Leafy Tiles. - Kütahya tiles are against the sun, wind and exterior. - Leaf Tiles and easy to use. - Kütahya and Iznik patterned shaped tile tile models and prices are the most suitable examples. It is used between countertops in kitchens. Ceramic-based hexagons are suitable for use as wall tiles in bathrooms. Production is made in pools, flooring, pool interior flooring, design design and design. For floor tiles, it can be designed to be comprehensive in detail to floor tiles. Leaf Tile Tile Application First of all, the area to be applied should be flat, if not, it should be corrected. Thin plaster should be applied to the area. Cement-based adhesive mortar should be used as adhesive mortar. The adhesive mortar is applied to the surface to be applied regularly and evenly with a fine notched trowel. Kütahya and İznik patterned tile tiles are placed on the surface to be laid. For non-slip and a flat application, you can press on it using a spirit level or wedge. It is an important issue that the Kütahya and Iznik tiles with Ottoman and Seljuk motifs complement each other. After bonding the tile tiles to the surface, the grouting is ready for application. Normally, tiles are laid without joints. After the grouting material is prepared in accordance with the instructions, it is applied on the tile tiles. We recommend that you prefer antibacterial grouts, especially for patterned tile ceramic tiles that you will apply in your kitchens and bathrooms. After the joint application, the excess joints remaining on the tiles whose flooring has been completed are removed by wiping them with a wet sponge. Please note that international buyers are responsible for any duties/customs charges and import taxes associated with shipping to their respective countries. These fees are calculated and imposed by your country when the item arrives in the country.

There are 97 leaf tile tiles in 1 m2. The product size is 9cmx15 cmx 1cm. The back side is matt-based and serrated, the front side is glazed and glossy polished. Leaf Çini ceramic tile features are a dimension that expresses the structure as a multi-colored color with the tile tiles decorations. - Material made of ceramic material. Tiles are converted into water and cleaning materials. - Decorating the leaf tile tile for many years. Color and pattern do not exist. - Water and moisture clean thanks to the glossy glazed polished. - It does not form mold. - In places where Leaf Tile tiles are used, we breathe cool and warm in summer. - Figure the days of sound waves taking advantage of the reflective feature of the days in the regions caused by Leafy Tiles. - Kütahya tiles are against the sun, wind and exterior. - Leaf Tiles and easy to use. - Kütahya and Iznik patterned shaped tile tile models and prices are the most suitable examples. It is used between countertops in kitchens. Ceramic-based hexagons are suitable for use as wall tiles in bathrooms. Production is made in pools, flooring, pool interior flooring, design design and design. For floor tiles, it can be designed to be comprehensive in detail to floor tiles. Leaf Tile Tile Application First of all, the area to be applied should be flat, if not, it should be corrected. Thin plaster should be applied to the area. Cement-based adhesive mortar should be used as adhesive mortar. The adhesive mortar is applied to the surface to be applied regularly and evenly with a fine notched trowel. Kütahya and İznik patterned tile tiles are placed on the surface to be laid. For non-slip and a flat application, you can press on it using a spirit level or wedge. It is an important issue that the Kütahya and Iznik tiles with Ottoman and Seljuk motifs complement each other. After bonding the tile tiles to the surface, the grouting is ready for application. Normally, tiles are laid without joints. After the grouting material is prepared in accordance with the instructions, it is applied on the tile tiles. We recommend that you prefer antibacterial grouts, especially for patterned tile ceramic tiles that you will apply in your kitchens and bathrooms. After the joint application, the excess joints remaining on the tiles whose flooring has been completed are removed by wiping them with a wet sponge. Please note that international buyers are responsible for any duties/customs charges and import taxes associated with shipping to their respective countries. These fees are calculated and imposed by your country when the item arrives in the country.

After long waiting, Expo Milan 2015 has finally opened its doors! Among more than 140 pavilions to describe the world, UAE pavilions , an imposing structure , including a theater and the Emir apartment was created . The pavilion, which stands for modernity, is one of the larger lots of Expo Milano 2015, and benefits from a privileged location, right in the center of the exhibition, alongside the main axis Decumanus. The FOSTER+PARTNERS architectural office , who designed it, was able to reflect the country's cultural heritage and in particular its focus on sustainable development. The amazing shape is shaped by a series of rippled walls, with a height over 12 meters, evoking both the shaded streets of country’s historic settlements , and the magnificent sand dunes of its deserts. There is also a charming green space dedicated to the native vegetation. At the end of the World Fair The lot will be dismantled and reassembled in Masdar City. THE CONTRIBUTION OF GRASSI PIETRE Grassi Pietre also participated in the creation of this wonderful project by FOSTER+PARTNERS. In particular (on behalf of Tecton, Reggio Emilia - Italy) the company from Nanto (Vicenza - Italy) provided 500 square meters of flooring in Trani Biancone - slabs 120x70x2 cm in honed finish - used for the Emir apartment (located inside the pavilion) and the lower level flooring adjacent to the auditorium. The Grassi Pietre marble was also used to clad the interior stairs leading to the apartment: Grassi Pietre provided the Trani Biancone for the shaped stairs, 3 cm thick honed surface. Moreover, Grassi Pietre also supplied 40 square meters of floor in marble Trani Biancone, in sandblasted finish (4 cm thick), for the outside terraces. The external staircase was built instead in Trani Bronzetto. All the outside surface have a non slippery bushhammered surface. TRANI BIANCONE And BRONZETTO Trani is a marble that moves between shades of beige (Bronzetto ), ivory (Biancone ) and rosé. The nuance changes depending on the variety. It is characterized by the many thin and sinuous veins. TECHNICAL INFORMATION Year of execution: 2014/2015 Lot size: 4386 m² Height: 12 m Capacity: 785 people/hour Location: Milano - Expo 2015 GRASSI PIETRE SRL (material supplier described above) via Madonetta, 2 | 36024 Nanto (Vi) Italy | www.grassipietre.it | info@grassipietre.it | www.facebook.com/grassipietre | TECTON SOC. COOP (Realization) via Galliano, 10 | 42124 Reggio Emilia Italy | www.tecton.it | info@tecton.it | FOSTER + PARTNERS (Design Studio) www.fosterandpartners.com PHOTO CREDITS: Cristian Iotti | www.cristianiotti.com |

Stuart Wade, Envision Virtual Tours The second-largest and most developed of Georgia's barrier islands, St. Simons is approximately twelve miles long and nearly three miles wide at its widest stretch (roughly the size of Manhattan Island in New York). The island is located in Glynn County on Georgia's coast and lies east of Brunswick (the seat of Glynn County), south of Little St. Simons Island and the Hampton River, and north of Jekyll Island. The resort community of Sea Island is separated from St. Simons on the east by the Black Banks River. Known for its oak tree canopies and historic landmarks, St. Simons is both a tourist destination and, according to the 2010 U.S. census, home to 12,743 residents. Early History The earliest St. Simons Island Village record of human habitation on the island dates to the Late Archaic Period, about 5,000 to 3,000 years ago. Remnants of shell rings left behind by Native Americans from this era survive on many of the barrier islands, including St. Simons. Centuries later, during the period known by historians as the chiefdom era, the Guale Indians established a chiefdom centered on St. Catherines Island and used St. Simons as their hunting and fishing grounds. By 1500 the Guale had established a permanent village of about 200 people on St. Simons, which they called Guadalquini. Beginning in 1568, the Spanish attempted to create missions along the Georgia coast. Catholic missions were the primary means by which Georgia's indigenous Native American chiefdoms were assimilated into the Spanish colonial system along the northern frontier of greater Spanish Florida. In the 1600s St. Simons became home to two Spanish missions: San Buenaventura de Guadalquini, on the southern tip of the island, and Santo Domingo de Asao (or Asajo), on the northern tip. Located on the inland side of the island were the pagan refugee villages of San Simón, the island's namesake, and Ocotonico. In 1684 pirate raids left the missions and villages largely abandoned. Colonial History As Fort Frederica early as 1670, with Great Britain's establishment of the colony of Carolina and its expansion into Georgia territory, Spanish rule was threatened by the English. The Georgia coast was considered "debatable land" by England and Spain, even though Spain had fully retreated from St. Simons by 1702. Thirty-one years later General James Edward Oglethorpe founded the English settlement of Savannah. In 1736 he established Fort Frederica, named after the heir to the British throne, Frederick Louis, prince of Wales, on the west side of St. Simons Island to protect Savannah and the Carolinas from the Spanish threat. Between 1736 and 1749 Fort Frederica was the hub of British military operations along the Georgia frontier. A town of the same name grew up around the fort and was of great importance to the new colony. By 1740 Frederica's population was 1,000. In 1736 the congregation of what would become Christ Church was organized within Fort Frederica as a mission of the Church of England. Charles Wesley led the first services. In 1742 Britain's decisive victory over Spain in the Battle of Bloody Marsh, during the War of Jenkins' Ear, ended the Spanish threat to the Georgia coast. When the British regimen disbanded in 1749, most of the townspeople relocated to the mainland. Fort Frederica went into decline and, except for a short time of prosperity during the 1760s and 1770s under the leadership of merchant James Spalding, never fully recovered. Today the historic citadel's tabby ruins are maintained by the National Park Service. Plantation Era By the start of the American Revolution (1775-83), Fort Frederica was obsolete, and St. Simons was left largely uninhabited as most of its residents joined the patriot army. Besides hosting a small Georgia naval victory on the Fort Frederica River, providing guns from its famous fort for use at Fort Morris in Sunbury, and serving as an arena for pillaging by privateers and British soldiers, the island played almost no role in the war. Following the war, many of the townspeople, their businesses destroyed, turned to agriculture. The island was transformed into fourteen cotton plantations after acres of live oak trees were cleared for farm land and used for building American warships, including the famous USS Constitution, or "Old Ironsides." Although rice was the predominant crop along the neighboring Altamaha River, St. Simons was known for its production of long-staple cotton, which soon came to be known as Sea Island cotton. Between Ebos Landing the 1780s and the outbreak of the Civil War (1861-65), St. Simons's plantation culture flourished. The saline atmosphere and the availability of cheap slave labor proved an ideal combination for the cultivation of Sea Island cotton. In 1803 a group of Ebo slaves who survived the Middle Passage and arrived on the west side of St. Simons staged a rebellion and drowned themselves. The sacred site is known today as Ebos Landing. One of the largest owners of land and slaves on St. Simons was Pierce Butler, master of Hampton Point Plantation, located on the northern end of the island. By 1793 Butler owned more than 500 slaves, who cultivated 800 acres of cotton on St. Simons and 300 acres of rice on Butler's Island in the Altamaha River delta. Butler's grandson, Pierce Mease Butler, who at the age of sixteen inherited a share of his grandfather's estate in 1826, was responsible for the largest sale of human beings in the history of the United States: in 1859, to restore his squandered fortune, he sold 429 slaves in Savannah for more than $300,000. The British actress and writer Fanny Kemble, whose tumultuous marriage to Pierce ended in divorce in 1849, published an eyewitness account of the evils of slavery on St. Simons in her book Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838-1839 (1863). Another Retreat Plantation large owner of land and slaves on St. Simons was Major William Page, a friend and employee of Pierce Butler Sr. Before purchasing Retreat Plantation on the southwestern tip of the island in 1804, Page managed the Hampton plantation and Butler's Island. Upon Page's death in 1827, Thomas Butler King inherited the land together with his wife, Page's daughter, Anna Matilda Page King. King expanded his father-in-law's planting empire on St. Simons as well as on the mainland, and by 1835 Retreat Plantation alone was home to as many as 355 slaves. The center of life during the island's plantation era was Christ Church, Frederica. Organized in 1807 by a group of island planters, the Episcopal church is the second oldest in the Diocese of Georgia. Embargoes imposed by the War of 1812 (1812-15) prevented the parishioners from building a church structure, so they worshiped in the home of John Beck, which stood on the site of Oglethorpe's only St. Simons residence, Orange Hall. The first Christ Church building, finished on the present site in 1820, was ruined by occupying Union troops during the Civil War. In 1884 the Reverend Anson Dodge Jr. rebuilt the church as a memorial to his first wife, Ellen. The cruciform building with a trussed gothic roof and stained-glass windows remains active today as Christ Church. Civil War and Beyond The St. Simons Island Lighthouse outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 put a sudden end to St. Simons's lucrative plantation era. In January of that year, Confederate troops were stationed at the south end of the island to guard the entrance to Brunswick Harbor. Slaves from Retreat Plantation, owned by Thomas Butler King, built earthworks and batteries. Plantation residents were scattered—the men joined the Confederate army and their families moved to the mainland. Cannon fire was heard on the island in December 1861, and Confederate troops retreated in February 1862, after dynamiting the lighthouse to keep its beacon from aiding Union troops. Soon thereafter, Union troops occupied the island, which was used as a camp for freed slaves. By August 1862 more than 500 former slaves lived on St. Simons, including Susie King Taylor, who organized a school for freed slave children. But in November the ex-slaves were taken to Hilton Head, South Carolina, and Fernandina, Florida, leaving the island abandoned. After the Civil War the island never returned to its status as an agricultural community. The plantations lay dormant because there were no slaves to work the fields. After Union general William T. Sherman's January 1865 Special Field Order No. 15 —a demand that former plantations be divided and distributed to former slaves—was overturned by U.S. president Andrew Johnson less than a year later, freedmen and women were forced to work as sharecroppers on the small farms that dotted the land previously occupied by the sprawling plantations. By St. Simons Lumber Mills 1870 real economic recovery began with the reestablishment of the timber industry. Norman Dodge and Titus G. Meigs of New York set up lumber mill operations at Gascoigne Bluff, formerly Hamilton Plantation. The lumber mills provided welcome employment for both blacks and whites and also provided mail and passenger boats to the mainland. Such water traffic, together with the construction of a new lighthouse in 1872, designed by architect Charles B. Cluskey, marked the beginning of St. Simons's tourism industry. The keeper of the lighthouse created a small amusement park, which drew many visitors, as did the seemingly miraculous light that traveled from the top of the lighthouse tower to the bottom. The island became a summer retreat for families from the mainland, particularly from Baxley, Brunswick, and Waycross. The island's resort industry was thriving by the 1880s. Beachfront structures, such as a new pier and grand hotel, were built on the southeastern end of the island and could be accessed by ferry. Around this time wealthy northerners began vacationing on the island. Twentieth Century The St. Simons Island Pier and Village opening in 1924 of the Brunswick–St. Simons Highway, today known as the Torras Causeway, was a milestone in the development of resorts in the area. St. Simons's beaches were now easily accessible to locals and tourists alike. More than 5,000 automobiles took the short drive from Brunswick to St. Simons via the causeway on its opening day, paving the way for convenient residential and resort development. In 1926 automotive pioneer Howard Coffin of Detroit, Michigan, bought large tracts of land on St. Simons, including the former Retreat Plantation, and constructed a golf course, yacht club, paved roads, and a residential subdivision. Although the causeway had brought large numbers of summer people to the island, St. Simons remained a small community with only a few hundred permanent residents until the 1940s. The St. Simons Island outbreak of World War II (1941-45) brought more visitors and residents to St. Simons. Troops stationed at Jacksonville, Florida; Savannah; and nearby Camp Stewart took weekend vacations on the island, and a new naval air base and radar school became home to even more officers and soldiers. The increased wartime population brought the island its first public school. With a major shipyard for the production of Liberty ships in nearby Brunswick, the waters of St. Simons became active with German U-boats. In April 1942, just off the coast, the Texas Company oil tanker S. S. Oklahoma and the S. S. Esso Baton Rouge were torpedoed by the Germans, bringing the war very close to home for island residents. Due in large part to the military's improvement of the island's infrastructure during the war, development on the island boomed in the 1950s and 1960s. More permanent homes and subdivisions were built, and the island was no longer just a summer resort but also a thriving community. In 1950 the Methodist conference and retreat center Epworth by the Sea opened on Gascoigne Bluff. In 1961 novelist Eugenia Price visited St. Simons and began work on her first works of fiction, known as the St. Simons Trilogy. Inspired by real events on the island, Price's trilogy renewed interest in the history of Georgia's coast, and the novelist herself relocated to the island in 1965 and lived there for thirty-one years. St. Simons is also home to contemporary Georgia writer Tina McElroy Ansa. Since Epworth by the Sea 1980 St. Simons's population has doubled. The island's continued status as a vacation destination and its ongoing development boom have put historic landmarks and natural areas at risk. While such landmarks as the Fort Frederica ruins and the Battle of Bloody Marsh site are preserved and maintained by the National Park Service, and while the historic lighthouse is maintained by the Coastal Georgia Historical Society, historic Ebos Landing has been taken over by a sewage treatment plant. Several coastal organizations have formed in recent years to save natural areas on the island. The St. Simons Land Trust, for example, has received donations of large tracts of land and plans to protect property in the island's three traditional African American neighborhoods. Despite its rapid growth and development, St. Simons remains one of the most beautiful and important islands on the Georgia coast.

Many recent renovations had already taken place at this phenomenal old Tudor home. The kitchen redo was saved for last. Our mission, imposed by our client, was to create a jaw-dropping, ultra-functional space for family and friends to gather in for years to come. Naturally, the new kitchen would have to reflect the style of the home seamlessly. One challenge was to incorporate very large professional style appliances into the space while keeping the feel of a stately, yet warm home. Custom wood panels were designed for the refrigerator units to give a furniture feel. A copper hood was designed to bring in an old world element. Wood panels were applied to all other appliances – two dishwashers, a wine refrigerator, and a beverage refrigerator. An iron I-beam that separated the original kitchen from the butler’s pantry and back entry was covered in wood with chamfers to match the other ceiling beams in the home by a local woodworker. Due to the age of the home, the outside walls are concrete block. This necessitated chiseling troughs into the concrete for electrical wiring. Ceilings were studded randomly, so finding openings for recessed lighting was hit or miss. A large cluster of wiring and plumbing to the second floor had to be hidden behind cabinetry to the left of and above the refrigerators. HVAC wasn’t straight forward either. Toe kick heaters from the old kitchen had to be replaced with other sources. A propane tank had to be added to fuel the large dual fuel, double oven range. The homeowner wanted to add a walk-in pantry for extra storage, so space was taken from an existing exterior space. This created the need for extra insulation, supplemental heat and added lighting. Needless to say, mechanicals were a big challenge. Natural stone was added in backsplash areas to the ceiling to mimic the rectangular stone on the exterior of the home. Wood panels fill the backsplash areas under wall cabinets. Large chandeliers light the space. Open shelves at the wet bar/prep area offer convenient storage for grab and go service items. A built-in pantry with antique mirrored mullion doors hides a microwave, several other small appliances as well as dishes and food items. This pantry was tucked into an alcove for an added architectural element. Herringbone wood floors are classic and timeless. Wrought iron hardware and shelf brackets fit right in. Large Barley twist legs ground the island giving a nod to the Tudor style. Mission accomplished. Matt Villano Photography