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corn, final report; started indoors, transplanted

18 years ago

The short version ...

Variety: Kandy Korn, days to maturity 83-88

Seeded to containers March 29, indoors, 80+ temps

Germination: March 31

April 1: Containers moved outside, average nights 40F, days 65F, last frost date for area is around April 7

April 29: transplanted to garden, 6 plants in a circle / 20" dia.

June 8: First ear harvested, slightly immature

June 11: Fully developed corn, 73 days, 10 days shorter than could be expected for this variety.

Yield: 9 ears from 6 stalks

The long version ...

Earlier this year I participated in two threads about starting corn indoors. Detail on the containers used and planting can be found there.

Starting

corn indoors?

Starting

corn indoors--more questions.

What I'm demonstrating here is a method for growing corn appropriate for the backyard gardener with limited space. For corn in quantity, direct seeding would be a better choice.

The containers used (see above links) are 4 inch pvc pipe, 6 inches tall, no bottom.

The garden soil I have is a sand clay mix. For the containers , the soil was amended with about 5% peat moss and 5% vermiculite. Each container holds slightly more than one quart of soil.

While in the containers the corn was fed with a dilute soluble fertilizer, standard MG. At 30 days the corn was about 18 inches tall and then transplanted to the garden.

At transplanting, one plant was sacrificed to inspect the root system. Corn grown in situ is prone to develop a tap root, but the roots in the container where found to be heavily branched and more of a fibrous nature. Perhaps this was a contributing factor to the early maturity noted.

The degree of plant development at transplanting was about that where in situ corn would be side dressed with a high nitrogen fertilizer, scratched into the soil surface. Before transplanting, a combination of 10-20-20 and ammonium nitrate was incorporated throughout the soil profile. This puts the fertilizer where it's needed, when it's needed, an advantage not available for direct seeded corn. This may also be a contributing factor in the early maturity.

After transplanting, the growth was vigorous and uneventful, except that as the tassels emerged a storm blew the corn down and it had to be stood back up. An additional small amount of ammonium nitrate was given just as the silks emerged.

In summery ...

This was my first time to use this method and it has raised more questions, particularly what controls the days to maturity.

Corn is said to be difficult to transplant beyond the seedling phase. I think my success was largely due to the type of containers and the lack of root disturbance in the transplant process.

The disadvantages of this method are the time and expense of making the containers and doing the transplanting. But once you have the containers they can be reused many times, so in the end their cost is minimal.

The advantages are many. By germinating indoors, you get an early start to the corn season were direct seeding early can lead to slow germination, rotting seed, and a poor stand. The containers I used are adaptable to use of a loose garden soil rather than a more expensive potting medium. Standard pot containers with loose garden soil would lead to excessive root disturbance.

Maintaining nutrient levels in the volume of the containers followed by sustaining nutrient levels in th garden for the reduced grow time is an efficient use of fertilizer.

Maintenance while in the containers requires little effort. The reduced time in the garden also means less work to complete the crop, especially weeding. Weeds take time to develop, and it is the second half of the 12 weeks for a direct seeded crop that requires all the work. Most weeding is avoided by having the corn in the garden for only 5 to 6 weeks.

The reduced time in the garden means I can almost get two crops on the same ground instead of one.

For very small amounts of corn, pollination can be a problem, especially in locations where wind is an every day thing. I'm lucky to live where, after mid May, the air is often very calm.

Since in this case, half of the stalks only produced 1 ear, I think in the future I'll give them a bit more room. Then again, the storm blowdown may have caused three of the stalks to produce only one ear.

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Comments (6)

  • 18 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    Thanks for this post! I'm a first-year edibles gardener with a block of 12 sweet corn stalks growing now, so this was very helpful. I also started 6 of my 12 indoors. Started in peat pots and planted in the garden without disturbing the roots at about 2 weeks after germination. Then I direct-sowed for 6 more stalks next to the original 6 (so now a block of 3 x 4). My indoor-seeded stalks are now about 8" tall, while the newer, direct-sow stalks are about 3". I was hoping this would give me small harvests spaced over a few weeks. I know I won't have very many ears, but it's just my husband and I (although extras certainly may make their way to our 2 adult kids and their 2 roommates if enough is produced).

    So far mine are doing well, and I appreciate your post... very informative! We're also in a windy area, and I'm ready to stake and tie the stalks once they are a bit taller.

    Happy gardening.

  • 18 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    Hi jodi. Just the two if us here as well. Four to six ears a week would be plenty for us. But I'd like to have that corn every week for about three and a half months. With the small space I have for gardening I haven't managed to do it yet. But I get closer every year.

    With such small amounts, it's the pollination that may prove to be another big problem. I'm thinking of building a hose device that can be hooked to a shop vac. The hose would have a slot where the corn silks would be inserted into the air stream and then above that a flex hose to run up to the tassels.

  • 18 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    Very organized report - thanks for that. Looks like a useful method for some. I doubt there is any chance of getting two crops in the same ground where I am, though a super-early crop would certainly be nice with the usually-planted crop in different ground.

  • 18 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    pnbrown,
    Getting two crops may not be out of the possibility. As little as 10 'grow' weeks might get you there. Of course, what I observed in reduction in days to maturity (DTM) may have been a fluke that I will not be able to duplicate. It wouldn't be the first time.

    Things under consideration as a cause of the reduction in DRM are:

    1. A change in the root system caused by being constricted to the container size.

    2. The even distribution of fertilizer in the soil at transplanting.

    3. The extra aeration from a deep fluffing of the soil at transplanting and immediately before the corn makes a growth surge.

    I have another trial underway with the same variety where the container time was extended to 36 days. The corn is just starting to show tassels. The DTM seems to be reduced but the plants don't look as well developed and I wonder if there will be a harvest.

    I also have started another variety with a listed DTM of 72 days. Hopefully I will see a reduction of DTM to something around 65 days.

    For starting early, I have a great micro climate of shelves on a south facing concrete wall. Next year I'm going to push the start date back to 3 weeks before last frost date. With the corn in containers I can just bring it inside for the probable hard freeze.

    If I can duplicate the reduction in DTM with some certainty, I propose to do corn in 4 small locations next year as shown in the calendar below.

    {{gwi:66581}}

  • 17 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    I brought this topic back up because I'm wondering what the effects of your growing system would be under some lights indoors?

    If I understand you, you moved them outside after three days because you didn't have any lighting. If you kept them in an 80+ degree room with lighting over the seedlings what would the reduction in your DTM be?

    I'm thinking about trying this out for my planned plot of Silver Queen corn. A 10' section of 4" PVC is only $12 or so, and it would give me 20 6" planters. I could try this 20 indoors and the rest regular sowing. It's 88 days to market, and if I could get it started 3-4 weeks before my last frost date at the end of April, I'd have corn by the third or fourth week in June. I could then plant corn normally from seed as well and have a staggered succession of corn over the whole growing season.

    Any thoughts?

  • 17 years ago
    last modified: 11 years ago

    I paid $5 and something for the pipe early last year. As the cost of oil went up so did the price of pipe. I'm hoping it will now go back down, as I want another 50 pots this year.

    There is a bell end on the pipe and I only get 19 per 10ft joint.

    I doubt that you could use the lights more than about 16 to 18 days before the corn would be too tall. It could be that corn can stand a light frost. I may start with lights this year and push for even earlier corn. Say about 5 weeks before last frost. If I lose them I will have some more ready to replant.