I grew up calling it burdock. the flower stalk comes up and can reach several feet in height. when the seed pod dries it stockes better than velcro to anything...but especially hair.

i know some people that call it poor man's rhubarb

if you get in a patch of stinging nettle grab a leaf or.two of the dock and crush/rub it over the area where the nettles grazed you.

Those leaves do look somewhat like Burdock. Some people use it as a medicinal plant and in many cultures it is a vegetable.

Here is a link that might be useful: Burdock

I have quite a bit of burdock around the place. These leaves stay flat, and don't get wavy when they get bigger, and I haven't seen the velcro-seeds on them. The PLANTS database says there are six species of burdock, though, so you're probably right.

Now, how do I get them out of the lawn? I've been hitting them with a landscaper's axe, but they just shake it off.

Yes, it sure looks like burdock to me too. Very popular medicinal plant (for MEN)...
See the link below to confirm.

Here is a link that might be useful: Probably is BURDOCK