In our area, we have layers of caliche, which are slabs of limestone. In urban areas, when houses are built, the landscapers come in, put a few inches of soil down on the caliche, and plant a lawn. Cellars? No way, without dynamite.

So new bed preparation here is part demolition work. Tools are, besides a shovel, a crowbar and a hammer and chisel. I haul out chunks that weigh more than a hundred pounds. It is astonishing how many rocks come out of a small bed. But even with a bed 18" deep, there is always more caliche down below. Every year, I dig a little deeper.

Ten inches is about one spade depth, and kind of small, but it sort of depends on where you are. If you're in a fierce heat zone, where deep roots are a survival tactic in the summer, probably not optimal. If you're in a more gentle summer climate, you're probably OK. You might space the veggies out a little more than you would otherwise. Of course, if you put even a slightly raised bed over your rock, it would help a lot.

Have the same problem here and it will be to your advantage in the long run to get them out of there if at all possible. Otherwise build a raised bed on top of the area and incorporate the existing 10" of soil into it.

Dave

PS: Tomatoes are tap root.

I agree with Dan. Slightly shallow spot, but workable. Edit: also agree with Dave, if you want deeper rooted crops, try to remove. or...

If you want to put in some elbow grease, you can rent a drill with a masonry bit (preferably a hammer drill) and for a small amount, you can buy a set of wedges and feathers. You just drill holes in the rock, insert the feathers, and fairly lightly tap in the wedges. It takes a little work, but not too bad. After exposing some of it, in half a day or so even a fairly large rock can be knocked back quite a bit. Just watch a DIY vid to learn how to take pieces off of larger stones.