Look into having your Air Ducts cleaned. It's the number one cause of dust, allergens, etc if they are dirty, as in haven't been cleaned within the last three years. Or if they have been cleaned, the company likely didn't clean it correctly. Use a professional that uses a truck with a hose connected where all the debris is sucked out and dumped into a contraption in the van/truck. Any other way is not the professional way.

of course leaving windows and doors open can blow in dust. Your air in your house is continuously being circulated through your open space, to vents, back to open space.

I do leave the window open 1/2 inch and there are no vents as the heating is electric.

I can see the grey thin dust on my black granite counter and my glass tables 2 days after cleaning.
Are there any portable devices to circulate and trap dust.?

2 days? That's perfectly normal housekeeping. Shiny floors and shiny black surfaces usually show dust within hours. Dust is mostly dead skin cells, so maybe moisturize in addition to normal housekeeping.

I hear you about wanting to dust and be done with it.....for more than a day or even two! Dust just has a way of making a room feel and look dirty. I always thought maybe I needed to change the filter for the furnace/ac and that would help....and it did. But I also enjoy having windows and doors open when the seasons allow, so a quick wipe each morning and I feel like I am keeping it under control. Thing is....just wiping with a rag will just scatter the dust so it just goes to another area.....you really need to use something that will put the dust on your rag and keep it there....like Orange Glo or something along that line.

I just use a slightly damp rag to dust -- picks up, but leaves nothing behind.

That's why I will never have glass tables ever again. It felt like I was dusting them every 10 minutes...

Two times a week is expected dusting for a hardwood floor, Take heart.........that's how you keep the finish looking good. If you have a hairy pet?? More often. If you live near a highway or highly trafficked street ? Yup.......dust. Matters not if your windows are closed.

Get yourself a nice BIG Swiffer. And skip the products like Orange glo, which over time build up, and ruin floors. Slippery too!!