I would not like a door to be right up against a wall corner. What is easier for you to build may not be easy for someone to actually live with. I took down such a door in my own house and had a pocket door installed when we did remodeling.

to omit unnecessary framing members

I don't understand this? What are you saving?

I'd say that there should be at least 6-10 inches between the trim and the corner (if it's the hinge side).

But that's just my general 'off the top of my head' thinking. I've never really thought about it too much.

Can you walk around your house or other building and see what works and doesn't work? I have very wide trim (4.5") in the original part of my 1940 bungalow and on the front door (interior), yes, the wall trim is basically touching the adjoining wall. If you have 2" trim, that might look "off" to have it so close. You also need to allow enough room for the door knob (so it doesn't hit the wall). I'm not sure what "unnecessarily framing materials" means. I believe all those 2x4s are serving a purpose, the frame the door or wall. And the ones in the wall are evenly spaced, according to code, I believe. Correct me if I'm wrong but unless you're doing something like lathe and plaster, I don't see how scooting a door over a couple of inches will result in much less framing. Maybe just ask your architect or contractor? I think there are standard recommendations.

Does the door actually open toward that corner or inward the other direction?

If the door opens inward, I don't see a problem.

Leave at least enough room to get a paint brush in there. And if you have two doors at the corner, even more important, so you don't have this:

I can't get in there to paint it. I can't even get painter tape on the sides of the trim.

I have door facings that had to be ripped down in order to dead end into a corner. Easier to pain than path's issue. Looks weird. House is 100+ years old. It's fine.

I can't get in there to paint it. I can't even get painter tape on the sides of the trim.

Yup. I have more than a few of those, myself. :-/ I'm gonna have to use a set of fine artists' brushes to get into some of these spaces. Fun.

One Devoted Dame - our first house had several of these. my kids got mad because I stole their paint brushes to finish them.

my kids got mad because I stole their paint brushes to finish them.

Hey, if you gotta use Crayola, ya gotta use Crayola! :-D

Because I sure as heck ain't usin' my eyeliner brushes. :-O

From a door function standpoint, leave 4" minimum from the corner. This gives you enough space so that the door can open 90 degrees without having the door lever hit the wall. 6" is also common too. You don't want to leave too much space or you are just wasting usable wall and floor space in your room.

However, from a maintenance and aesthetic standpoint do head bpath's advice above. The trim should either leave at least 3/4" to 1" wall reveal from the corner or be right up against the adjacent wall. leaving a small space is going to result in an awkward strip of wall color and will be difficult to maintain going forward.

In our current house we have a few of these conditions where it is tight between the casing and corner. The last owner wallpapered and we have had extreme difficulty getting old wallpaper out of these corners. In some cases the trim had to be taken off to get good paint and stain coverage on them too.

Is there a proper way to designate this on the floor plan so that framers make it 4" minimum from the corner? Trying to find a standard notation for this, and not sure there is one.

It could be handle with a note, but better with a detail drawing.