you have 3 doors to this space. you have to wall space for anything unless you can close off or open up something

and taking photos w/the wide angle lens doesn't give a very good perception type of picture (things look wider)

if you want more cabs/countertops, something is going to have to get moved or closed off.

Full remodel?

Take the time to read Buehl's advice above. It's worth its weight in gold!

It looks as if the stairs go up to the right, with the basement stairs below; can the stairs be accessed from the room on the other side of the stair wall? If you can close off the door to the stairs, then move the sink under the larger window, the range could move to the right, giving you landing space to the left.

Recess the fridge into the pantry, and use the butler's pantry for food storage.

More drastically, reroute the exterior door through the current pantry, so that the fridge can go on the same wall as the range--if you move the sink under the larger window.

Even if structural changes aren't feasible, I'd remove the upper between the range and window, and use open shelves or a platerack, and maybe open shelves on the wall to the right. You could also use shallow, tall cabinets on the stair wall.

The first thing I would do is put the fridge in the space where what looks like a pantry.If you post a to scale floor plan marking all the doors and where they go and what is the rooms next to this space it will be easier to see what can be done.

Very similar to my 100 year old house when I moved in. Too many doors! Post a plan (and some pictures with a normal lense) and it will be easier to see what’s going on. Is that the only stair to the second floor??

Lovely floors!

following

For starters can the glass block come out....close the opening and get at least some of a run on that wall : uppers and lowers or maybe pantry there. Definitely see what you can do w the current pantry space for a fridge....it does not look wide but the closet in the room behind maybe can be cut into. Then the range and sink : range w hood for venting of course and get used to idea of single bowl sink. Deeper counters help when you really have the one wall and maybe a bit of glass block window wall. Question is : would this space later on no longer be a kitchen either due to an addition or gutting the 1st floor? So how much do you want to spend?

Invest in a pad of graph paper and draw, to scale, the size and shape of the room with all the windows an doors noted -- with a notation as to where each door leads. Post that and you will get more help.

Depending upon the view be hind the glass block window, and

if changing windows and plumbing is in your budget, and

if whatever that door to the right of the glass block window leads to can be accessed from the room on the other side -- the one the closest door leads to --

then you could put a wall to wall base cabinet for your sink against the wall with the glass block wall, with your sink beneath that window and instead of ending your countertop beneath the smaller window to the left of that glass block window, you could create an "L" shaped corner base cabinet with a bit more base cabinet storage -- and you should still be able to use the same supply lines and drain pipe so no ripping out the floor.