Could you flip the bed so that the window is beside the foot of the bed? Put desk beside the balcony door and the dresser on the wall next to the closet. And yes, you could put your bed across the corner (catty cornered), but don't see any advantage of it other than the window would be free and guess you could look out the balcony door while in bed.

it depends on how much clearance do you have around your bed? We have a tight bedroom, with about 24" on either side, which is totally enough space (for us). in our last apartment, we only had about 18"! we made that work just fine, but it would have been difficult for some people. one thing I did was shop around for the absolute smallest frame possible -- a platform bed with no footboard (from CB2). you'd be surprised at what a difference a few extra inches of clearance can make!

Also, any way you can do a pocket door? or a barn door that slides to the left?

Do you have any practical options regarding the bedroom door -- such as a way to not need to have the door swing into the room at all by putting it farther back in the hallway?