This is an example of a small mediterranean drought-tolerant and full sun backyard stone landscaping in London.

This project is more than meets the eye! In a gorgeous neighborhood in Del Mar, San Diego, California, This unique small custom wine cellar truly acts as a showstopper. Originally within this house, the door which now faces outward used to be around the corner in a small hallway, virtually eliminating any visibility into this contemporary walk in custom wine cellar. Upon seeing the location of this space within the house, Gene Walder and the knowledgeable team at Vintage Cellars knew that to really take advantage of the room provided, (which is actually below the stairs), they needed to get rid of the original door and add a brand new one facing the main living space. Just a small feat in a series of unique custom features within this cellar! Here at Vintage Cellars, before any design takes shape, it is vital to understand what the clients wants and needs are based on their growing collection of wine. With a good idea of bottle sizes, shapes (some pinot noir bottles, for example have a wider bottom than a typical cabernet sauvignon bottle) and unique features desired, the team of wine cellar designers and wine cellar builders at Vintage Cellars are able to create a very special and desirable wine cellar for each client. The owners of this beautiful home collaborated heavily with the Vintage Cellars team in the design process of this rustic custom wine cellar - something that we aim to do with every project. The homeowners wanted to showcase some of their favorite Magnum sized bottles in a high reveal horizontal display row, directly on top of another area highlighting the best 750 ml's in their collection. This small custom wine room fills most of the left wall with single deep, individual bottle storage. Directly below this wine racking is room for wine case / wine bin storage. Centered within this wall is a nice space for opening and decanting wines with a gorgeous dark stone countertop and room for hanging wine glasses above. The opposite wall is filled floor to ceiling with label revealing horizontal display rows. Again, this type of feature is very desirable in recent years. Homeowners want to be able to showcase the best bottles they own within their custom wine cellars in the most stunning and beautiful ways possible. Additionally, this feature is commonly replicated with metal bars for a more contemporary and modern look and feel. Within Beach Cities such as Del Mar, La Jolla, Cardiff, Coronado, Rancho Santa Fe, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Newport Beach and Orange County alike, small walk wine cellars are all the rage. Custom Wine Closet s and Under the Stairs Custom Wine Room s are quickly becoming a commonplace feature within modern luxury homes. Funny enough, because San Diego has become such a hub and mecca for craft beer breweries, luxury homes within communities such as La Jolla, Del Mar, Encinitas, Coronado, Cardiff, Rancho Santa Fe, Solana Beach, Carlsbad, La Costa and Torrey Pines have taken notice and began including space for unique beer storage within their custom wine cellars as well. This right side wall horizontal display racking does just that. If you look closely, those intricately labeled bottles are craft brews kept at a chill and refreshing 55 Degrees- just waiting to be opened and enjoyed immediately. Just when you thought the custom wine cellar tour was over, another unique feature catches your eye. You see the back stone wall? Press ever so gently in the top left corner two thirds of the way up and - Voila! - a secret door appears and slowly reveals more room under the stairway for case storage and the like. The homeowner also decided to add interesting lighting to this cellar. The Custom wine room can turn any color of the rainbow - allowing you to focus on all lights or just one a time, creating that perfect mood lighting for the holidays, springtime, or summer. This entire custom wine cellar and all wine racking were done in raw black walnut. Vintage Cellars has built gorgeous custom wine cellars and wine storage rooms across the United States and World for over 25 years. We are your go-to business for anything wine cellar and wine storage related! Whether you're interested in a wine closet, wine racking, custom wine racks, a custom wine cellar door, or a cooling system for your existing space, Vintage Cellars has you covered! We carry all kinds of wine cellar cooling and refrigeration systems, incuding: Breezaire, CellarCool, WhisperKool, Wine Guardian, CellarPro and Commercial systems. We also carry many types of Wine Refrigerators, Wine Cabinets, and wine racking types, including La Cache, Marvel, N'Finity, Transtherm, Vinotheque, Vintage Series, Credenza, Walk in wine rooms, Climadiff, Riedel, Fontenay, and VintageView. Vintage Cellars also does work in many styles, including Contemporary and Modern, Rustic, Farmhouse, Traditional, Craftsman, Industrial, Mediterranean, Mid-Century, Industrial and Eclectic. Some locations we cover often include: San Diego, Rancho Santa Fe, Corona Del Mar, Del Mar, La Jolla, Newport Beach, Newport Coast, Huntington Beach, Del Mar, Solana Beach, Carlsbad, Orange County, Beverly Hills, Malibu, Pacific Palisades, Santa Monica, Bel Air, Los Angeles, Encinitas, Cardiff, Coronado, Manhattan Beach, Palos Verdes, San Marino, Ladera Heights, Santa Monica, Brentwood, Westwood, Hancock Park, Laguna Beach, Crystal Cove, Laguna Niguel, Torrey Pines, Thousand Oaks, Coto De Caza, Coronado Island, San Francisco, Danville, Walnut Creek, Marin, Tiburon, Hillsborough, Berkeley, Oakland, Napa, Sonoma, Agoura Hills, Hollywood Hills, Laurel Canyon, Sausalito, Mill Valley, San Rafael, Piedmont, Paso Robles, Carmel, Pebble Beach Contact Vintage Cellars today with any of your Wine Cellar needs! (800) 876-8789 Vintage Cellars 904 Rancheros Drive San Marcos, California 92069 (800) 876-8789

This living room is calming with the beige walls and linen sofa. The combination of light hardwood floors and the French door shutters complete the design of this space. The white shutters come in a variety of soothing colors and stains and are a perfect solution for specialty shaped windows. Our shutters are flexible in design and let you decide how you want your shutters to operate and allows you to enjoy more view than ever before with louvers as large as 4.5” (plantation shutters). Our wood shutters have a satin coating, protecting them from common spills and making cleanup as simple as dusting with a soft, dry cloth. We have several types of shutters to match your needs and budget. We have FREE in-home consultation and FREE showroom appointments. You can also stop in our showroom anytime during our normal business hours. Our professional Design Specialists are never pushy and believe in putting the client’s needs first. Give us a call today to get started on your shutter project today. 317-273-8343 Showroom: 1159 Country Club Road Indianapolis, In 46234 M-F 9am-5pm *Evenings & Saturdays by Appointments

It's known as the PISA/TIMSS voyaging convoy. Every time worldwide tests results are discharged with association tables indicating champs and failures a gaggle of scientists, scholastics and grouped kindred explorers plummet on the most astounding performing nation or instruction framework to break down and write about "world's best practice". The objective continues evolving One issue with thusly of deduction is that nobody framework reliably beats the rest. In light of the 1995 and 1999 TIMSS (Trends in International Math and Science Study) results, Asian instruction frameworks in Singapore, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan overwhelmed. Accordingly, the emphasis was immovably on recognizing the reasons the Asian tigers were performing so well. In the PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) 2000 results, Finland positioned first in education, fourth in arithmetic and third in science. Finland became the overwhelming focus and specialists and scholastics ran to Helsinki to find the reasons Finnish understudies performed at or close to the highest point of the table. By 2012, at the end of the day, an alternate training framework turned into the focal point of consideration. Finland descended the PISA rankings as another champ, Shanghai, rose as first in arithmetic, science and perusing. Apples aren't being contrasted with apples A second issue when making correlations is that the spots we've recognized as examples of overcoming adversity are distinctive to Australia. City-states like Singapore and instruction frameworks in profoundly performing spots like Hong Kong and Shanghai have remarkable qualities that separate them from nations like Australia, England and the USA. Contrasts in topography, the quantities of understudies and schools, the understudy cosmetics (as far as dialect, society and financial profile) and how schools, including educational modules and appraisal, are organized and oversaw significantly affect results. Singapore, when contrasted with Australia, is little topographically, more homogenous as far as dialect and culture and utilizes instructive practices that have long been out of support in Australia. These incorporate gushing kids in view of their abilities, and high-chance, focused tests and examinations. As noted in a paper titled How not to prevail upon PISA information: an unexpected examination, there are additionally social components clarifying solid execution that are troublesome, if not unimaginable, to exchange starting with one instruction framework then onto the next. Evident cases incorporate the effect of Confucian qualities and morals that stretch appreciation for power (particularly instructors), the conviction that achievement is conceivable with inspiration, fixation and diligent work, and the thought that training is focal if one is to accomplish a superior life. Confounding circumstances and end results Befuddling what has driven these nations to achievement speaks to the third trouble in expecting that what seems to prompt accomplishment in one nation can without much of a stretch be exchanged to another. To expect that everything we need to do in Australia to enhance test outcomes is to lessen the impact of the Australian Education Union, while being appealing to some, is both undemocratic and blameworthy of accepting circumstances and end results. There are a few advantages of abroad correlations PISA and TIMSS tests have been held for a long time. Thus, there is a decent arrangement of examination recognizing the attributes of more grounded performing instruction frameworks from which states and domains can learn. The early ethnographic work recording Japanese and American classes nitty gritty in Harvard distribution The Teaching Gap uncovers how the lessons in Asian classrooms are more unequivocal, obviously organized and sound and there is a desire that all understudies, with the essential offer and applications, some assistance with canning succeed. A later distribution by the Grattan Institute, Catching up: gaining from the best educational systems in East Asia, likewise distinguishes imperative lessons from fruitful Asian instruction frameworks. Positive variables incorporate giving instructors more opportunity to work cooperatively and to tutor each other, guaranteeing that educator training, course readings and the educational modules are commonly steady and concentrate on enhancing classroom rehearse. It ought to additionally be noticed that while Australian understudies don't perform in the top level in PISA and TIMSS tests, there is some reason for festivity. Understudies in the Australian Capital Territory perform well over the Australian normal and frequently coordinate the execution of top-performing abroad instruction frameworks. As far as lifting the execution of understudies from distraught foundations it is additionally critical to take note of that Catholic schools, in light of an investigation of the 2009 PISA results completed by the Australian Council for Educational Research, accomplish a value rating surpassing that of Finland. About the Author: Amy Parker writes too many academic papers for people who have troubles with it. She always gives needed advices, shows the examples of the papers and helps with writing at http://papersnetwork.net

Wall decor for the living room In the living room, you can use a variety of styles of wall paintings, from abstracts to landscapes or portraits. The main thing is to choose paintings that reflect your personal tastes and create a cozy atmosphere for spending time in the room and meeting guests. You can also take advantage of the experience of decorating living rooms of past centuries. For example, romantic landscapes were quite common in interior wall decor. Famous works by Claude Monet or Vincent van Gogh and a whole galaxy of romantic artists were often used to create an atmosphere of dreaminess and lyricism in living rooms. No less popular was the use of portraits as a reflection of social status and family ties. Portraits of the rich aristocracy and family members could be displayed in the living room to emphasize the prestige of the owners. Large paintings of historical scenes or battles also often decorated living rooms in past centuries. These paintings were used as a means of demonstrating cultural or national patriotism. During the Renaissance and Classicism, paintings with ancient motifs, such as mythological scenes or allegories, symbolizing the eternal ideals of beauty and wisdom, became popular. These historical examples demonstrate what types of paintings were traditionally used to decorate the living room in past eras and inspire you to make your choice to order a painting for your living room a good one.

Gardens are a central theme in many oriental rugs, and the Cypress is a symbol of great importance. Its shares some of its symbolism with the Tree of Life as a connection to Paradise, but also represents eternal life. History of This Design: Originating in what was the Azerbaijan region of ancient Persian dynasties, Afshar rugs are an excellent example of nomadic Persian rugs. Traditionally made by nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes near the Persian town of Kerman, these rugs employ deep reds and blues and motifs that reflect many aspects of their hunting and herding lifestyles (one common medallion is believed to represent a stretched animal skin, other motifs depict chickens). Star-like medallions and floral motifs are also common within the Afshar repertoire.

Where: South Dakota What: Private residence Product: ranchwood™ colors: Tackroom, Eastern, Southern Solution: Prefinished, kiln dried, Circle Sawn, ship lap, Douglas fir rough #2 siding Today's highlight features Montana Timber Products prefinished and refined ranchwood™ siding as applied to this gorgeous private residence located in South Dakota. ranchwood's™ beautiful, environmentally friendly, rustic natural wood siding adds class and character to an already splendid home. As for the long, harsh South Dakota winters? Kept in check by ranchwood's™ Seal-Once technology. All of Montana Timber Products natural wood reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are sealed with Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress and safe for interior and exterior use, pets and children. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 This fine example utilizes Montana Timber Products prefinished ranchwood™ rustic, reclaimed barn wood alternative siding, our flagship product. ranchwood™ is a reclaimed barn wood alternative that it is milled from new, rough stock, kiln dried, chemical free wood. ranchwood™ is put through a texturizing and coloring process to create the aesthetic beauty of vintage, rustic wood siding. Authentic reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are both great choices for your next home project. Typically less expensive than authentic reclaimed barn wood, ranchwood™ offers an uncompromising rustic wood beauty. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Vintage wood, reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are very popular building materials due to their aesthetic beauty, traditional look, and chemical free finish. If the environmentally friendly and renewable aspect of natural wood siding is important to you, be sure to do your homework when choosing your siding, interior accents, trim, timbers, or other wood siding products. Some companies choose to use degenerative chemicals to achieve the desired look and texture of rustic wood siding. This is not the case with Montana Timber Products. Montana Timber Products' most commonly seen rustic siding texture options are Circle Sawn and Wire Brushed. The Circle Sawn texture commonly seen on rustic reclaimed barn wood is created from the large circular saw blades used in more traditional milling practices. The Wire Brushed option, like the Circle Sawn, adds physical and aesthetic depth to the wood grain. In addition to the aesthetic beauty added from the texturing process, greater surface area is created, which allows the Seal-Once, 100% NO VOC waterproofer to more effectively penetrate the wood. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Whether you are looking for siding, beams, flooring, or interior accents, Montana Timber Products offers a solution for your rustic needs. All Montana Timber Products’ prefinished wood siding utilizes Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress.

Where: South Dakota What: Private residence Product: ranchwood™ colors: Tackroom, Eastern, Southern Solution: Prefinished, kiln dried, Circle Sawn, ship lap, Douglas fir rough #2 siding Today's highlight features Montana Timber Products prefinished and refined ranchwood™ siding as applied to this gorgeous private residence located in South Dakota. ranchwood's™ beautiful, environmentally friendly, rustic natural wood siding adds class and character to an already splendid home. As for the long, harsh South Dakota winters? Kept in check by ranchwood's™ Seal-Once technology. All of Montana Timber Products natural wood reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are sealed with Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress and safe for interior and exterior use, pets and children. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 This fine example utilizes Montana Timber Products prefinished ranchwood™ rustic, reclaimed barn wood alternative siding, our flagship product. ranchwood™ is a reclaimed barn wood alternative that it is milled from new, rough stock, kiln dried, chemical free wood. ranchwood™ is put through a texturizing and coloring process to create the aesthetic beauty of vintage, rustic wood siding. Authentic reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are both great choices for your next home project. Typically less expensive than authentic reclaimed barn wood, ranchwood™ offers an uncompromising rustic wood beauty. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Vintage wood, reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are very popular building materials due to their aesthetic beauty, traditional look, and chemical free finish. If the environmentally friendly and renewable aspect of natural wood siding is important to you, be sure to do your homework when choosing your siding, interior accents, trim, timbers, or other wood siding products. Some companies choose to use degenerative chemicals to achieve the desired look and texture of rustic wood siding. This is not the case with Montana Timber Products. Montana Timber Products' most commonly seen rustic siding texture options are Circle Sawn and Wire Brushed. The Circle Sawn texture commonly seen on rustic reclaimed barn wood is created from the large circular saw blades used in more traditional milling practices. The Wire Brushed option, like the Circle Sawn, adds physical and aesthetic depth to the wood grain. In addition to the aesthetic beauty added from the texturing process, greater surface area is created, which allows the Seal-Once, 100% NO VOC waterproofer to more effectively penetrate the wood. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Whether you are looking for siding, beams, flooring, or interior accents, Montana Timber Products offers a solution for your rustic needs. All Montana Timber Products’ prefinished wood siding utilizes Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress.

A nail workmanship stepping plate is a flexible device utilized in the realm of nail plan and nail trims. It's a level, commonly metal or plastic plate with unpredictable examples and plans carved onto its surface. Nail professionals and Do-It-Yourself nail devotees use stepping plates to make special and nitty gritty nail craftsmanship rapidly and without any problem. These stepping plates arrive in various plans, from botanical and mathematical examples to occasion themed pictures and unpredictable lacework. They are fundamental for accomplishing proficient looking nail workmanship without the requirement for cutting edge painting abilities.

ADORING FLORAL MIRROR HAND-KNOTTED RUG IN RED 2'7" X 10' Borrowing symbols and themes from many rug styles, this rug does not fall into a specific category; rather, it works a perfect example of the pastiche common in the rug industry. Its medallion is a floral interpretation of the evil eye and employes the four floral vines common to the Persian herati. Shah Abbas palmettes originated in Persian designs as well, and oversized palmettes, like the ones seen here, have been used in designs across regions and dynasties. Its particular heritage makes this piece unique.

Our clients in Tower Lakes, IL, needed more storage and functionality from their kitchen. They were primarily focused on finding the right combination of cabinets, shelves, and drawers that fit all their cookware, flatware, and appliances. They wanted a brighter, bigger space with a natural cooking flow and plenty of storage. Soffits and crown molding needed to be removed to make the kitchen feel larger. Redesign elements included: relocating the fridge, adding a baking station and coffee bar, and placing the microwave in the kitchen island. Advance Design Studio’s Claudia Pop offered functional, creative, and unique solutions to the homeowners’ problems. Our clients wanted a unique kitchen that was not completely white, a balance of design and function. Claudia offered functional, creative, and unique solutions to Chad and Karen’s kitchen design challenges. The first thing to go was soffits. Today, most kitchens can benefit from the added height and space; removing soffits is nearly always step one. Steely gray-blue was the color of choice for a freshly unique look bringing a sophisticated-looking space to wrap around the fresh new kitchen. Cherry cabinetry in a true brown stain compliments the stormy accents with sharp contrasting white Cambria quartz top balancing out the space with a dramatic flair. “We wanted something unique and special in this space, something none of the neighbors would have,” said Claudia. The dramatic veined Cambria countertops continue upward into a backsplash behind three complimentary open shelves. These countertops provide visual texture and movement in the kitchen. The kitchen includes two larder cabinets for both the coffee bar and baking station. The kitchen is now functional and unique in design. “When we design a new kitchen space, as designers, we are always looking for ways to balance interesting design elements with practical functionality,” Claudia said. “This kitchen’s new design is not only way more functional but is stunning in a way a piece of art can catch one’s attention.” Decorative mullions with mirrored inserts sit atop dual sentinel pantries flanking the new refrigerator, while a 48″ dual fuel Wolf range replaced the island cooktop and double oven. The new microwave is cleverly hidden within the island, eliminating the cluttered counter and attention-grabbing wall of stainless steel from the previous space. The family room was completely renovated, including a beautifully functional entertainment bar with the same combination of woods and stone as the kitchen and coffee bar. Mesh inserts instead of plain glass add visual texture while revealing pristine glassware. Handcrafted built-ins surround the fireplace. The beautiful and efficient design created by designer Claudia transitioned directly to the installation team seamlessly, much like the basement project experience Chad and Karen enjoyed previously. “We definitely will and have recommended Advance Design Studio to friends who are looking to embark on a project small or large,” Karen said. “Everything that was designed and built exactly how we envisioned it, and we are really enjoying it to its full potential,” Karen said. Our award-winning design team would love to create a beautiful, functional, and spacious place for you and your family. With our “Common Sense Remodeling” approach, the process of renovating your home has never been easier. Contact us today at 847-665-1711 or schedule an appointment.

Common Tan privacy vinyl fence
This is an example of a traditional vinyl fence landscaping in Boise.

At the present level of development of the concept of "quality" is considered as a complex component, which includes the quality of the final product, the quality of management, quality of deliveries or work, the quality of life of people (employees) and society as a whole. Quality management is coordinated and interconnected management activities, which was built in such a way as to ensure safe and smooth operation of the organization. Organization Management, with regard to quality means that all activity is subject to the objectives set for quality, and to achieve these goals, the organization has developed a system of plans, have the necessary resources, carried out actions to achieve their goals. Quality management - a very important element for any business. After all, quality is one of the criteria of the high popularity of a brand among consumers. Besides good quality will save the company from warranty repairs, lawsuits, etc. Quality management includes four basic components: • quality control; • quality assurance; • quality planning; • quality improvement. There are 8 basic principles of quality management system: • The principle of orientation to the user. Product success primarily depends on how the user takes it. Moreover, this principle directs the company to study the needs of its customers. • The principle of leadership or leadership role. Quality management in the first place depends directly on the company's management, which should by their actions show his concern for the produced goods, on its quality. • The principle of staff involvement. From more - in less. If the head of the company must set an example in their interest in the quality of products, the company and each employee must also work to improve the quality of products and must want to improve it. • The principle of the process approach. Based on the division of the company to suppliers and consumers. Suppliers - material security that comes into the company, and which must comply with certain quality. Consumers - the product, which is depending on the materials, must be of good quality. Because this is a direct product of your company. • The principle of the system approach. It combines two previously identified types of organization in the common system. Moreover, he claims that this system should be a common goal, and general management. • The principle of continuous improvement. Or to put it in simple words - "There is no limit to perfection." The principle involves constant monitoring of the quality of products in order to improve it. • The principle of decision-making based on facts. It implies that all decisions will be taken by research, scientific evidence, public opinion polls, and not on an intuitive level head. • Mutually beneficial supplier relationships. It's simple - the supplier delivers you high-quality materials and receives respective payment. The lower the quality of the goods, the less the cost. • It is believed that the introduction of these 8 principles in any company will improve the quality of its products and the improvement of the production process. That, in turn, affect the overall good of the company success. About Author: Anna Lynch is a freelance writer at http://online-check-in.org/, who creates papers about business and marketing. She has a long practice and great experience in the sphere of economics and now is able to help young people.

Trees and shrubs are a big part of our local environment. Some are intended to bear fruit, while others are there simply for aesthetics. Of course, some trees are planted to help conserve the environment, and some started to grow on their own. Regardless, there are many facts about trees that you may not know. Five Star Tree Services has put together a list of a few of those facts that you may find surprising! Trees Live Longer Than Anything Else Of all living things, trees can survive the longest on this earth. Some species of trees can survive for several thousands of years. For example, the baobab tree can thrive for thousands of years after it has reached maturity. Trees Have a Godly Connection There are many religions in the world, and in some, it is a common belief that certain trees are homes to the gods. Many of these older traditions and beliefs are currently less prevalent, but there has always been a strong connection between trees and deities. Cottonwood Seeds Stay Airborne for Days Most trees reproduce via seeds. While most tree seeds fall to the ground, or are carried off by animals, the cottonwood tree seed flies through the air for days before landing. Trees Promote Rainfall Mature trees take moisture from the ground and release it into the atmosphere. This then triggers precipitation. The result is more rain in the area where trees are abundant. The best way to prevent or derail desertification is by planting trees in an area. There are Tree Genders This may seem like a sound bite for likes and shares, but some trees have gendered scientific classifications. There are both male and female trees. One great example is the pine tree. The female trees produce seeds in the pine cones, while the male trees shed pollen from their cones to fertilize the female cones. The wind makes the magic happen, which results in a bevy of baby pine cone trees. The Rings Show Its Age Very few methods exist for pinning down the age of a tree. Carbon dating is a complex method of ageing a tree, but you can also count the rings on a cut tree to determine its age. We don’t suggest you cut down a tree just to count the rings, though! Certain Tree Parts Grow Seasonally Unlike people, trees grow in separated sections. The trunk will grow in the summer, while the foliage will thrive in the spring. The roots tend to spread during the fall and winter when the rest of the tree is dormant. Trees Have Their Own Self-Defense Methods If a tree is invaded by insects, it will flood its leaves with phenolics chemicals. This is a compound that discourages insects from eating their foliage. The tree also sends off signals to other trees about the attack so that they can prepare their defenses as well. How We Can Help Here at Five Star Tree Services, we’re passionate about what we do. Our team provides high-quality and affordable tree care and maintenance, including pruning and tree removal services in Toronto. If you require help with the trees on your property or have any questions for our experts, give us a call at (416) 990-3355.

The Ridgeback - Craftsman Ranch with Daylight Basement in Happy Valley, Oregon by Cascade West Development Inc. Cascade West Facebook: https://goo.gl/MCD2U1 Cascade West Website: https://goo.gl/XHm7Un These photos, like many of ours, were taken by the good people of ExposioHDR - Portland, Or Exposio Facebook: https://goo.gl/SpSvyo Exposio Website: https://goo.gl/Cbm8Ya

Why Mattress Thickness Is One of the Most Misunderstood Specs When most people shop for a memory foam mattress, they focus on firmness, materials, and brand. Thickness tends to be an afterthought — or worse, treated as a proxy for quality. The assumption goes: thicker equals better. That assumption is wrong in a meaningful number of cases, and getting it wrong means waking up with exactly the kind of stiffness, pressure pain, or lower back ache you bought a new mattress to avoid. The right thickness for a memory foam mattress is not a single number. It is a combination of your body weight, your sleep position, and any specific health conditions you are managing. A 14-inch mattress that provides ideal support for a 250-pound side sleeper may cause a 115-pound stomach sleeper to experience spinal misalignment all night. A 10-inch mattress that works perfectly for a back sleeper of average build offers inadequate pressure relief for a heavier side sleeper whose hips need to sink further into the comfort layer before the support base engages. This guide maps thickness to the factors that actually determine whether a mattress works for your body. It covers the science of mattress layers, the three primary variables (weight, position, condition), and a complete decision table so you can find your ideal thickness without guesswork. Understanding Mattress Thickness: Layers, Not Just Height A memory foam mattress’s total thickness is the sum of its individual layers, and those layers serve entirely different functions. Two mattresses that are both 12 inches thick may feel radically different because their comfort layer depths and support core thicknesses are distributed differently. The Two Parts That Matter Every memory foam mattress has two functional zones: the comfort layer at the top and the support core at the bottom. The comfort layer — which in quality mattresses consists of gel-infused viscoelastic foam, transition foam, and a cooling cover — is the zone that contours to your body, relieves pressure, and cushions the joints. The support core — high-density foam or pocketed springs in a hybrid — is the zone that keeps the spine aligned and prevents the entire body from sinking into the mattress. The key relationship is this: the comfort layer must be deep enough for your body’s heaviest pressure points to sink in fully before the firmer support core pushes back. If it is too shallow, those pressure points press against a firm surface and cause localised pain. If the support core is too thin, the whole mattress sags under body weight and the spine loses alignment regardless of how comfortable the top feels. Here is how EGOHOME’s Black series layers map to these functions: Layer Material Function EGOHOME Technology Cover (0.5–1") Fabric + cooling tech Temperature regulation, hygiene Anti-heat™ Graphene Cooling Cover Comfort layer (2–6") Gel foam, AeroFusion™ Pressure relief, contouring Copper Gel AeroFusion™ Foam Transition layer (1–2") Mid-density foam Prevents sinkage past comfort zone BraceSleeper™ Support Foam (upper) Support core (6–12") High-density foam or coils Spinal alignment, edge support BraceSleeper™ Support Foam (core) Thickness alone does not tell you how a mattress will perform. A 14-inch mattress with a 2-inch comfort layer and a 12-inch support core will feel firm and supportive. A 14-inch mattress with a 6-inch comfort layer and an 8-inch support core will feel plush and contouring. Always check the comfort layer depth, not just the total inches. Memory Foam Mattress Thickness Ranges: What Each Category Delivers Here is a complete breakdown of what to expect from each thickness range and who each suits best: Thickness Profile Best Use Case Body Weight Best Sleep Position 6–8" Low profile Children, bunk beds, guest rooms, adjustable bases Under 130 lbs Kids, lightweight, occasional use 8–10" Standard-thin Stomach sleepers, lightweight adults, budget setups Under 130 lbs Stomach, lightweight back sleepers 10–12" Standard Most adults, back sleepers, back pain relief 130–230 lbs Back, stomach, combo sleepers 12–14" High-profile Side sleepers, plus-size, pressure relief 130–230 lbs+ Side sleepers, hip/shoulder pain 14"+ Premium Plus-size sleepers, heavy duos, luxury setups 230 lbs+ Plus-size, side sleepers, chronic pain 6–8 Inches: Low-Profile (Specific Use Cases Only) Low-profile mattresses in the 6 to 8 inch range are designed for specific applications rather than general adult use. They work well on bunk beds and trundle beds where height clearance is limited, for children’s beds where a lower sleep surface is safer, on adjustable bases where the mattress needs to flex significantly, and for lightweight individuals under 130 pounds who need minimal depth to reach the support core. For a standard adult of average build, a mattress under 8 inches is unlikely to provide adequate comfort layer depth for sustained pressure relief. 8–10 Inches: Standard-Thin (Stomach Sleepers and Lightweight Adults) The 8 to 10 inch range is the practical starting point for most adult use. At this thickness, there is enough comfort layer to provide basic pressure relief without the excessive depth that allows heavier body sections to sink past the support zone. Stomach sleepers in particular benefit from this range: when sleeping face down, the goal is to keep the hips from sinking lower than the shoulders and chest, which would create a downward bow in the lumbar spine. A thinner mattress with a firmer feel prevents this hyperextension more reliably than a thicker, softer model. EGOHOME offers 8-inch memory foam options suited to this profile. 10–12 Inches: Standard (The Sweet Spot for Most Adults) The 10 to 12 inch range is the most broadly appropriate thickness for adults of standard build. At this depth, a quality memory foam mattress contains enough comfort layer material to contour genuinely around the hips and shoulders without allowing the body to bottom out into the support core. It also contains enough support core depth to maintain spinal alignment under continuous body weight across seven or eight hours. Back sleepers of standard weight (130 to 230 pounds) typically find this range the most supportive, as the lumbar region receives adequate underlying resistance without the excessive softness that taller mattresses can develop under consistent pressure. 12–14 Inches: High-Profile (Side Sleepers and Plus-Size Sleepers) The 12 to 14 inch range addresses two specific needs: side sleepers who require a deep enough comfort layer to allow the shoulder and hip to sink in while the waist remains supported, and heavier individuals whose body weight requires more foam depth before reaching full support core engagement. For a side sleeper of standard or higher body weight, a comfort layer of less than 4 to 6 inches is often not deep enough for the shoulder to sink fully into an aligned position. The result is an upward lateral bow in the thoracic spine that causes shoulder and upper back pain upon waking. The EGOHOME Black 14-inch Pro and Hybrid models are built specifically for this thickness range. 14 Inches and Above: Premium and Plus-Size Mattresses at 14 inches or more are appropriate for plus-size sleepers over 230 pounds and for couples where one partner is significantly heavier. At higher body weights, a greater depth of both comfort material and support foam is required because the heavier load compresses the foam more aggressively. A support core that adequately resists a 160-pound sleeper may allow excessive sinkage under a 280-pound sleeper, causing the hips to drop past the point of lumbar support. EGOHOME’s Black 14-inch Firm model includes a 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core specifically designed to resist this deep compression under higher body weights. Thickness by Body Weight: The Primary Determining Factor Body weight is the single most important variable in thickness selection because it directly determines how far the body sinks into the foam. The same mattress will feel completely different to a 120-pound sleeper versus a 240-pound sleeper, because the heavier person compresses the foam significantly more deeply. Lightweight Sleepers (Under 130 lbs) Lightweight sleepers do not need and often cannot benefit from thick mattresses. Because they exert less pressure on the foam, they may not compress a 14-inch mattress deeply enough to feel the support core at all, resulting in a floating sensation with insufficient underlying resistance. For lightweight sleepers, 8 to 10 inches provides adequate comfort layer depth for full pressure relief. The EGOHOME Black 10-inch Classic (medium feel) is the appropriate starting point for this weight category. Standard-Weight Sleepers (130–230 lbs) Standard-weight adults represent the broadest population of mattress buyers, and the 10 to 12 inch range was designed specifically for this group. At this weight range, the body compresses the comfort layer meaningfully enough for the foam to contour around pressure points, while the support core remains thick enough to prevent excessive sinkage. The EGOHOME Black 12-inch and the Black 10-inch ranges both address this category, with the 12-inch models being more appropriate for side sleepers who need the extra comfort layer depth. Plus-Size Sleepers (Over 230 lbs) Heavier sleepers require 12 to 14 inches at minimum to prevent bottoming out — the point at which body weight compresses through the comfort layer entirely and the sleeper feels the firm support core directly. Bottoming out eliminates pressure relief completely and can significantly worsen joint pain and lower back stiffness. EGOHOME recommends a suggested maximum of 300 pounds per person across their mattress range, and the 14-inch Hybrid and 14-inch Firm models are engineered with the deeper support cores required to handle higher body weights without performance degradation over time. Thickness by Sleep Position: Matching Depth to Alignment Needs Side Sleepers: 12 Inches or More Side sleeping places the body’s heaviest pressure points — the shoulder and hip — in direct contact with the mattress. These points need to sink into the comfort layer deeply enough that the spine remains horizontal from head to toe. If the comfort layer is too thin or too firm, the shoulder cannot descend fully into the mattress, and the spine develops an upward lateral curve between the shoulder and the head. This causes the neck, shoulder, and upper back tension that many side sleepers report upon waking. Side sleepers of standard weight need at least 12 inches, with a soft to medium-soft comfort layer. EGOHOME’s Black 12-inch Pro (soft feel, 7.5 out of 10 cooling score) is specifically recommended for side sleepers managing back, shoulder, or joint pain. The Black 14-inch Pro (medium-soft, 8 out of 10 cooling) adds additional comfort layer depth for those who need greater pressure relief. Back Sleepers: 10–12 Inches Back sleeping is the most spinal-alignment-friendly position because the body’s weight is distributed relatively evenly across the mattress. The primary challenge for back sleepers is lumbar support: the natural inward curve of the lower back creates a gap between the lumbar spine and the mattress surface that must be filled by the foam contouring upward into it. A mattress that is too soft allows the pelvis to sink excessively, flattening this curve and creating lower back compression. A mattress that is too firm cannot conform into the lumbar curve at all. For back sleepers, 10 to 12 inches with a medium or medium-firm feel provides the optimal combination. EGOHOME’s Black 12-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5 out of 10 cooling) is specifically noted as ideal for back sleepers, combining pocketed spring zoned support with gel foam contouring for precise lumbar engagement. Stomach Sleepers: 8–10 Inches Stomach sleepers face the opposite alignment challenge from side sleepers. Rather than needing the mattress to yield deeply at the joints, they need the mattress to maintain a flat, firm surface that prevents the hips from sinking below the chest. If the hips drop lower than the upper body, the lumbar spine hyperextends into an arched position that compresses the posterior vertebral joints and causes significant lower back pain. Stomach sleepers need a thinner mattress with a firmer feel. The EGOHOME Black 14-inch Firm is specifically recommended for stomach sleepers and heavier sleepers who need maximum surface resistance. Its 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core provides the deep, unyielding base that prevents hip sinkage without requiring a thin mattress that compromises comfort. Best Thickness for Back Pain: The Medium-Firm 10–12 Inch Principle For people managing chronic lower back pain, herniated discs, sciatica, or general spinal stiffness, mattress thickness interacts with back health in a specific way that differs from general sleep comfort recommendations. The key principle for back pain is controlled contouring. You need enough foam depth to relieve pressure at the hips and shoulders, but not so much depth that the foam develops a sag under the heavier sections of the body over time. Excessive thickness combined with a soft comfort layer is one of the most common causes of mattress-induced back pain — the sleeper sinks into a gentle hammock shape that feels comfortable initially but compresses the lumbar discs continuously throughout the night. 10–12 Inches: The Optimal Back Pain Range A medium-firm mattress of 10 to 12 inches addresses both needs simultaneously. It provides adequate foam depth for genuine pressure relief at the hips and shoulders without the risk of comfort layer collapse that taller, softer mattresses can develop. The support core at this thickness is deep enough to maintain consistent lumbar support from the first night through years of regular use. For side sleepers with lower back pain, the recommendation extends to 12 inches with a soft feel to ensure the hip can sink into full alignment. For back sleepers with lower back pain, 10 to 12 inches with a medium-firm feel is the target. For stomach sleepers with lower back pain, a firmer feel at any thickness is more important than depth — preventing hip sinkage is the priority. ⚠️ Mattresses over 14 inches with very soft comfort layers are a common hidden cause of lower back pain. The deep softness feels luxurious initially but allows the lumbar region to sag into misalignment through the night. If you sleep on a thick, very soft mattress and wake with lower back stiffness, the mattress — not your position — may be the cause. Complete Thickness Decision Table: Your Position × Your Weight Use this table to find your recommended thickness and the matching EGOHOME model: Sleep Position Body Weight Ideal Thickness EGOHOME Recommendation Side sleeper Under 130 lbs 12" EGOHOME Black 12” Pro (soft, 7.5/10 cool) Side sleeper 130–230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Pro (medium-soft, 8/10 cool) Side sleeper Over 230 lbs 14" EGOHOME Black 14” Hybrid (medium-firm, 8.5/10 cool) Back sleeper Under 130 lbs 10" EGOHOME Black 10” Classic (medium, 6/10 cool) Back sleeper 130–230 lbs 10–12" EGOHOME Black 12” Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5/10 cool) Back sleeper Over 230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Hybrid (medium-firm, 8.5/10 cool) Stomach sleeper Under 130 lbs 8–10" EGOHOME 8" Memory Foam (firm, standard support) Stomach sleeper 130–230 lbs 10–12" EGOHOME Black 10” Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5/10 cool) Stomach sleeper Over 230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Firm (firm, 7/10 cool) Combination Any weight 10–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Pro or 14” Hybrid ? If you are between two categories — for example, a 220-pound back sleeper with occasional side sleeping — choose the model suited to your heavier variable. A 12” hybrid model handles the heavier weight and still adapts to position changes. When in doubt, go medium-firm over soft. EGOHOME Memory Foam Mattresses by Thickness EGOHOME’s range spans 6 to 14 inches across memory foam and hybrid constructions, with every model carrying CertiPUR-US® and OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 certification, a 10-year warranty, a 100-night home trial, and free shipping and returns across the contiguous U.S. For 8–10 Inch Needs The EGOHOME 8-inch memory foam and Black 10-inch Classic and Hybrid models cover the lightweight and stomach sleeper range. The 10-inch Classic offers a medium feel suited to back and side sleepers under 130 pounds. The 10-inch Hybrid adds pocketed spring support for better lumbar engagement and airflow. For 10–12 Inch Needs The EGOHOME Black 12-inch range — Classic, Pro, and Hybrid — is the most widely applicable thickness tier. The 12-inch Classic (soft, cool 6/10) suits side sleepers and those with joint pain. The 12-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, cool 6.5/10) is specifically recommended for back sleepers and standard-weight adults across positions. The 12-inch Pro (soft, cool 7.5/10) is the top choice for side sleepers dealing with shoulder or hip pain. For 12–14 Inch Needs The EGOHOME Black 14-inch series is the flagship range. The 14-inch Pro (medium-soft, cool 8/10) is designed for side sleepers and pressure-relief-first buyers. The 14-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, cool 8.5/10) handles all sleep positions and is the strongest all-rounder in the range. The 14-inch Firm is built for stomach sleepers and heavier individuals, with a 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core that resists sinkage under higher body weights. Frequently Asked Questions Is a thicker memory foam mattress always better? No. Thickness should match your body weight and sleep position, not simply be maximised. A 14-inch mattress with a very soft comfort layer can cause back pain in lightweight sleepers or stomach sleepers by allowing excessive sinkage. A well-calibrated 10-inch mattress will consistently outperform an oversized 14-inch model for the wrong body type. What thickness of memory foam is good for back pain? A medium-firm mattress of 10 to 12 inches is the most widely recommended range for lower back pain. It provides enough foam depth for genuine pressure relief without the risk of comfort layer collapse that causes lumbar sagging. Side sleepers with back pain may benefit from 12 inches with a softer feel to ensure hip and shoulder alignment. What is the minimum thickness for a memory foam mattress for adults? For most adults, 8 inches is the practical minimum for sustained comfort. Below 8 inches, there is often insufficient comfort layer depth for pressure relief across a full night of sleep. The exception is stomach sleepers who may intentionally choose 8 inches for a firmer surface that prevents hip sinkage. Does mattress thickness affect how long it lasts? Yes, indirectly. A mattress that is too thin for the body weight it supports will experience faster comfort layer compression and develop sags and pressure indentations earlier than one appropriately sized for that load. Choosing the correct thickness for your weight extends the usable lifespan of the mattress. EGOHOME mattresses are expected to last 6 to 8 years with proper care, with regular rotation every 3 to 6 months recommended. Can I use a thick mattress on an adjustable base? Memory foam mattresses up to 14 inches are generally compatible with adjustable bases, though the mattress should be flexible enough to bend at the head and foot sections without cracking or deforming. EGOHOME mattresses are confirmed compatible with adjustable bases. For very thick or firm mattresses, check the specific flex requirements of your adjustable base before purchasing. Final Thoughts The best thickness for a memory foam mattress is not the thickest you can find or the most expensive number on the specification sheet. It is the thickness that aligns precisely with your body weight, your sleep position, and any specific conditions you are managing — then pairs that depth with a comfort layer and support core calibrated to work

Before and After- Kitchen Sink window with tile. This photo is a great example of how we address several common concerns: 1) installing shutters when there is an existing frame in the window 2) mounting shutters on or near tile 3) putting shutters in windows with cranks Here is the advice from one of our experts Design Consultants: "I get more reservations or questions about mounting on existing framing and over cranks and locks, than tile, but this is a great example of both. The concerns are, when mounting on existing framing, customers think that the shutter is going to stick out too far out in the room. Once it’s done it’s hardly noticeable, especially when it’s painted the same color as their trim. (A great case for us doing custom painted shutters!) Another concern is that the framing will inhibit the rotation of the window crank. We can always do a frame cut-out, or in this case, not put any framing on the window sill at all. It really transformed the room for a more finished look." Visit Window Fashions of Texas today and our shutter experts will show you how we can work with most any window. Mary Hudson

What is an ADU: Accessory Dwelling Units: An accessory dwelling unit, usually just called an ADU, is a secondary housing unit on a single-family residential lot. The term “accessory dwelling unit” is a institutional-sounding name, but it’s the most commonly-used term across the country to describe this type of housing. While the full name is a mouthful, the shorthand “ADU” is better. ADUs vary in their physical form quite a bit, as there are detached ADU, attached ADU, second story ADU (above garage or work shop), addition ADU, internal ADU. IMPORTANT: There’s simply too few permitted ADUs to make a real difference in the housing stock. But, even if they aren’t going to solve all a city’s problems, they may help homeowners solve some of their problems. The most common motivation for ADU development is rental income potential, followed by the prospect of flexible living space for multigenerational households. We at FIDELITY GENERAL CONTRACTORS, providing a single point of contact to homeowners interested in this product, from conceptual stage including plans, city legwork, project managing of the construction stage including assistance with material purchase and other coordination, all the way to completion. (this project showcases a detached ADU, 400 SQ.)

Where: South Dakota What: Private residence Product: ranchwood™ colors: Tackroom, Eastern, Southern Solution: Prefinished, kiln dried, Circle Sawn, ship lap, Douglas fir rough #2 siding Today's highlight features Montana Timber Products prefinished and refined ranchwood™ siding as applied to this gorgeous private residence located in South Dakota. ranchwood's™ beautiful, environmentally friendly, rustic natural wood siding adds class and character to an already splendid home. As for the long, harsh South Dakota winters? Kept in check by ranchwood's™ Seal-Once technology. All of Montana Timber Products natural wood reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are sealed with Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress and safe for interior and exterior use, pets and children. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 This fine example utilizes Montana Timber Products prefinished ranchwood™ rustic, reclaimed barn wood alternative siding, our flagship product. ranchwood™ is a reclaimed barn wood alternative that it is milled from new, rough stock, kiln dried, chemical free wood. ranchwood™ is put through a texturizing and coloring process to create the aesthetic beauty of vintage, rustic wood siding. Authentic reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are both great choices for your next home project. Typically less expensive than authentic reclaimed barn wood, ranchwood™ offers an uncompromising rustic wood beauty. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Vintage wood, reclaimed barn wood and reclaimed barn wood alternatives are very popular building materials due to their aesthetic beauty, traditional look, and chemical free finish. If the environmentally friendly and renewable aspect of natural wood siding is important to you, be sure to do your homework when choosing your siding, interior accents, trim, timbers, or other wood siding products. Some companies choose to use degenerative chemicals to achieve the desired look and texture of rustic wood siding. This is not the case with Montana Timber Products. Montana Timber Products' most commonly seen rustic siding texture options are Circle Sawn and Wire Brushed. The Circle Sawn texture commonly seen on rustic reclaimed barn wood is created from the large circular saw blades used in more traditional milling practices. The Wire Brushed option, like the Circle Sawn, adds physical and aesthetic depth to the wood grain. In addition to the aesthetic beauty added from the texturing process, greater surface area is created, which allows the Seal-Once, 100% NO VOC waterproofer to more effectively penetrate the wood. ranchwood kiln dried, circle saw, ship lap, tackroom, douglas fir rough #2 Whether you are looking for siding, beams, flooring, or interior accents, Montana Timber Products offers a solution for your rustic needs. All Montana Timber Products’ prefinished wood siding utilizes Seal-Once, a 100% NO VOC waterproofer with a 10 year limited warranty against water ingress.