Daylight is a very important factor that influences plant growth and reproduction. Gardeners need to make sure that they measure the length of daylight hours that a plant gets within a 24-hour period. This way, growth can be monitored and regulated. For sun-loving plants, changes in the length of each day serve as the guide that helps plants transition from vegetative growth to reproductive stages. Changes in seasons and daylight hours have an impact on the adjustment of growth hormones that are responsible for flowering. Therefore, it’s very important for gardeners to make sure that they conduct thorough research on long-season plants that are adapted to extended sunlight exposure. During this research, it’s not uncommon for gardeners to come across topics related to sativa seeds for sale because these plants are studied for their adaptation to bright, extended growing seasons. For gardeners that want to experiment with these kinds of plants, sativa seeds for sale can be a good starting point. But in all cases of plant growth for sun-loving plants, the principle is always the same: it’s that daylight acts as a calendar that plants use so they can determine when it’s time for them to reproduce. Long-Day, Short-Day, and Day-Neutral Responses Different plants have different responses to light cycles. This is why plants are grouped into long-day, short-day, and day-neutral categories. Long-day plants are those plants that thrive when daylight goes beyond the critical threshold. This is mostly common in late spring or early summer. A lot of sun-loving ornamental plants and vegetables fall within this category. They always take advantage of the longer days that support energy-intensive flower and seed production. On the other hand, short-day plants are those that usually flower and thrive when nights grow longer. When temperatures cool or the seasonal rainfall patterns change, these plants tend to thrive. Sure, these plants still require strong sunlight. However, it’s their uninterrupted time in the dark that triggers their reproductive phase. For day-neutral plants, it’s age and environmental stress that impacts their reproductive phase. However, they still do benefit from adequate sunlight. It’s very important for gardeners to understand these categories so that they can plan what to grow in their garden with each turn of the season. By doing this, it’s easier to guarantee better results in one’s garden. Why Sunlight Duration Matters More Than Intensity Alone It’s not only the sun’s intensity that should be taken into account when growing a garden. It’s also very important to take note of sunlight duration, which is actually more important for plants. Sure, light intensity does influence photosynthesis. However, it’s the duration of sunlight exposure that plays an important regulatory role. When plants are exposed to sunlight longer, they are able to produce more carbohydrates through photosynthesis. This helps them build the energy reserves they need to grow buds and flowers. However, if a plant does not get enough sunlight time, there is a huge chance that the plant will not bloom at all. If you have observed plants that grow very quickly but do not flower, the reason is that it doesn’t get enough sunlight time. Therefore, it’s very important to monitor sunlight duration in order to make sure that plants will actually grow buds and flowers. Practical Implications for Garden Planning When gardeners understand the impact of daylight hours on plants, they are able to plan their gardens more effectively. After all, seasons do change and the conditions brought by each season will definitely have a huge impact on plant growth. Once gardeners have the right knowledge in terms of which categories plants belong to, they can easily decide which plants to grow at any given time. It’s not enough to just rely on sunlight intensity and then expect plants to grow buds and flowers. It’s also very important to take into account the duration of sunlight time for each plant. By having this understanding, gardeners will become more effective when it comes to making sure that flowering occurs.

Would you believe this is a gentelmen's office? One of the first two rooms visible upon entering this grand home, the owner's home office certainly makes a statement. Originally flanked in wood stained paneling, this office was transformed by painting every vertical surface with high-gloss gray lacquer. Even the wood blinds were custom painted to match the paneling perfectly. Top that off with a preview of the owner's contemporary art collection....and wham- you have a show-stopping office that may entice one to linger even outside of working hours!

A home on Nantucket, Massachusetts equipped with built-in roll shutters. Rolling Shutters are the ultimate solution when you want to protect what’s behind your windows and doors. With Rolling Shutters, enjoy peace of mind knowing that your home has a sturdy layer of hurricane protection and storm protection. Rolling shutters shield against wind-blown debris, sand blasting and water penetration. Strong, secure, and durable, our Rolling Hurricane Shutters are proven to reduce energy and maintenance costs while making your home more comfortable to live in. Hurricane Shutters Hurricane Shutters are the premier protection against snow and ice storms, driving rain, high winds, and flying debris. We have huge selection of Hurricane Protection products for all types of applications. We specialize in new construction, retrofit projects and custom applications designed around more complex installations. Hurricane Shutters protect your windows and doors from water penetration and breakage during hurricanes and Nor’easters bringing you comfort and protection. Even when you are not physically at the location of the storm, rolling shutters can offer you peace of mind. Homes and businesses not equipped with rolling shutters may experience glass breakage and door failures during high winds. Ultimately, those openings in the structure’s envelope can cause complete devastation to the home or business. Once the air pressure enters a building, no matter the type of construction, the likelihood of other windows and doors failing rises. If the pressure grows beyond a certain point, walls and and roof components begin to fail. Security Shutters Security Shutters are one of the best ways to discourage intruders from attempting to enter your home or business. This deterrent measure is just where rolling shutters start. While in the down position, rolling shutters can be locked in place by a motor, a gear, a keyed switch or by a separate locking device. Rolling Shutters have been used as security shutters all over the world for decades with incredible success. Sometimes labeled as metal shutters and metal security shutters, they all have subtle differences, and the differences can’t be seen with the rolling shutter in the down position. Security Shutters typically have end-retention pins that lock into the guide rails from the top. These pins are located throughout the entire curtain and are protected from manipulation while the curtain is in the close position. Storm Shutters Storm Shutters are the broad category of Storm Protection products. Of course, they come in all types of sizes, features and functionality. We have a full line of rolling shutters, hinged storm shutters and storm panels for you to to explore on our website or we would love for you to swing by one of our showrooms to see live demo models. Storm Shutters are specifically engineered and designed for high hinds, flying debris protection and ultimately given a rating for Hurricane Protection. A little known fact: The most damaging type of wind value is not the force of the wind blowing directly on your home. This force is called positive pressure, and typically, many believe this is the strongest force against their home or business. Believe it or not, the negative pressure, or, the air passing by your windows and doors, has far greater power. Many low-grade storm shutters and hurricane protection products fail under this pressure. Solar Shutters Solar Shutters have a double wall construction and filled with a specialized polyurethane foam designed to increase R-factor and deflect solar penetration. Many rolling shutters can perform this function, but not all are created equal. The energy efficiency of exterior rolling shutters is up to 95% more effective than interior solar shades. Solar Shutters have many unique and positive “side effects” from their dense foam-filled curtain profile. Many homeowners have taken advantage of energy savings by using these types of rolling shutters in both the summer and winter seasons. Reducing heating and air conditioning expenses throughout the entire year is not always our first thought, but many home and business owners have expressed massive savings. Not only do they block up to 90% of heat gain and loss, they also provide incredible noise control opportunities. Privacy Shutters Privacy Shutters are a great way to close of areas of your home or business from others. Some rolling shutters are equipped with perforations allowing ambient light to pass through when needed. Privacy Shutters have many uses and are creatively used throughout the world in homes and businesses for all kinds of reasons. Close off food preparation areas, work shops, stock rooms, gun safes, closets, liquor cabinets and bars. Some business owners use rolling shutters to close off the outside world after working hours, to protect the last few employees as they finish money counts, paperwork, and prepare bank deposits. If you have any questions or need additional information, our Product Specialists are available 800-522-1599

Set on the magnificent Long Island Sound, Field Point Circle has a celebrated history as Greenwich’s premier neighborhood—and is considered one of the 10 most prestigious addresses in the country. The Field Point Circle Association, with 27 estate homes, has a single access point and 24 hour security. The Pryory was designed by the eminent architectural firm Cross & Cross in the spirit of an English countryside estate and is set on 2.4 waterfront acres with a private beach and mooring. Perched on a hilltop, the property’s rolling grounds unfold from the rear terrace down to the pool and rippling water’s edge. Through the ivy-covered front door awaits the paneled grand entry with its soaring three-story carved wooden staircase. The adjacent double living room is bookended by stately fireplaces and flooded with light thanks to the span of windows and French doors out to the terrace and water beyond. Most rooms throughout the home boast water views, including the Great Room, which is cloaked in tiger oak and capped with hexagonal patterned high ceilings. One of Greenwich’s famed Great Estates, The Pryory offers the finest workmanship, materials, architecture, and landscaping in an exclusive and unparalleled coastal setting.

  Free ebook, Creating the Ideal Kitchen. DOWNLOAD NOW   Collaborations are typically so fruitful and this one was no different. The homeowners started by hiring an architect to develop a vision and plan for transforming their very traditional brick home into a contemporary family home full of modern updates. The Kitchen Studio of Glen Ellyn was hired to provide kitchen design expertise and to bring the vision to life. The bamboo cabinetry and white Ceasarstone countertops provide contrast that pops while the white oak floors and limestone tile bring warmth to the space. A large island houses a Galley Sink which provides a multi-functional work surface fantastic for summer entertaining. And speaking of summer entertaining, a new Nana Wall system — a large glass wall system that creates a large exterior opening and can literally be opened and closed with one finger – brings the outdoor in and creates a very unique flavor to the space. Matching bamboo cabinetry and panels were also installed in the adjoining family room, along with aluminum doors with frosted glass and a repeat of the limestone at the newly designed fireplace. Designed by: Susan Klimala, CKD, CBD Photography by: Carlos Vergara For more information on kitchen and bath design ideas go to: www.kitchenstudio-ge.com

Feature in: Luxe Magazine Miami & South Florida Luxury Magazine If visitors to Robyn and Allan Webb’s one-bedroom Miami apartment expect the typical all-white Miami aesthetic, they’ll be pleasantly surprised upon stepping inside. There, bold theatrical colors, like a black textured wallcovering and bright teal sofa, mix with funky patterns, such as a black-and-white striped chair, to create a space that exudes charm. In fact, it’s the wife’s style that initially inspired the design for the home on the 20th floor of a Brickell Key high-rise. “As soon as I saw her with a green leather jacket draped across her shoulders, I knew we would be doing something chic that was nothing like the typical all- white modern Miami aesthetic,” says designer Maite Granda of Robyn’s ensemble the first time they met. The Webbs, who often vacation in Paris, also had a clear vision for their new Miami digs: They wanted it to exude their own modern interpretation of French decor. “We wanted a home that was luxurious and beautiful,” says Robyn, noting they were downsizing from a four-story residence in Alexandria, Virginia. “But it also had to be functional.” To read more visit: https: https://maitegranda.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/LX_MIA18_HOM_MaiteGranda_10.pdf Rolando Diaz

Built-in rollshutter application on a home in Massachusetts in the open position. Rolling Shutters are the ultimate solution when you want to protect what’s behind your windows and doors. With Rolling Shutters, enjoy peace of mind knowing that your home has a sturdy layer of hurricane protection and storm protection. Rolling shutters shield against wind-blown debris, sand blasting and water penetration. Strong, secure, and durable, our Rolling Hurricane Shutters are proven to reduce energy and maintenance costs while making your home more comfortable to live in. Hurricane Shutters Hurricane Shutters are the premier protection against snow and ice storms, driving rain, high winds, and flying debris. We have huge selection of Hurricane Protection products for all types of applications. We specialize in new construction, retrofit projects and custom applications designed around more complex installations. Hurricane Shutters protect your windows and doors from water penetration and breakage during hurricanes and Nor’easters bringing you comfort and protection. Even when you are not physically at the location of the storm, rolling shutters can offer you peace of mind. Homes and businesses not equipped with rolling shutters may experience glass breakage and door failures during high winds. Ultimately, those openings in the structure’s envelope can cause complete devastation to the home or business. Once the air pressure enters a building, no matter the type of construction, the likelihood of other windows and doors failing rises. If the pressure grows beyond a certain point, walls and and roof components begin to fail. Security Shutters Security Shutters are one of the best ways to discourage intruders from attempting to enter your home or business. This deterrent measure is just where rolling shutters start. While in the down position, rolling shutters can be locked in place by a motor, a gear, a keyed switch or by a separate locking device. Rolling Shutters have been used as security shutters all over the world for decades with incredible success. Sometimes labeled as metal shutters and metal security shutters, they all have subtle differences, and the differences can’t be seen with the rolling shutter in the down position. Security Shutters typically have end-retention pins that lock into the guide rails from the top. These pins are located throughout the entire curtain and are protected from manipulation while the curtain is in the close position. Storm Shutters Storm Shutters are the broad category of Storm Protection products. Of course, they come in all types of sizes, features and functionality. We have a full line of rolling shutters, hinged storm shutters and storm panels for you to to explore on our website or we would love for you to swing by one of our showrooms to see live demo models. Storm Shutters are specifically engineered and designed for high hinds, flying debris protection and ultimately given a rating for Hurricane Protection. A little known fact: The most damaging type of wind value is not the force of the wind blowing directly on your home. This force is called positive pressure, and typically, many believe this is the strongest force against their home or business. Believe it or not, the negative pressure, or, the air passing by your windows and doors, has far greater power. Many low-grade storm shutters and hurricane protection products fail under this pressure. Solar Shutters Solar Shutters have a double wall construction and filled with a specialized polyurethane foam designed to increase R-factor and deflect solar penetration. Many rolling shutters can perform this function, but not all are created equal. The energy efficiency of exterior rolling shutters is up to 95% more effective than interior solar shades. Solar Shutters have many unique and positive “side effects” from their dense foam-filled curtain profile. Many homeowners have taken advantage of energy savings by using these types of rolling shutters in both the summer and winter seasons. Reducing heating and air conditioning expenses throughout the entire year is not always our first thought, but many home and business owners have expressed massive savings. Not only do they block up to 90% of heat gain and loss, they also provide incredible noise control opportunities. Privacy Shutters Privacy Shutters are a great way to close of areas of your home or business from others. Some rolling shutters are equipped with perforations allowing ambient light to pass through when needed. Privacy Shutters have many uses and are creatively used throughout the world in homes and businesses for all kinds of reasons. Close off food preparation areas, work shops, stock rooms, gun safes, closets, liquor cabinets and bars. Some business owners use rolling shutters to close off the outside world after working hours, to protect the last few employees as they finish money counts, paperwork, and prepare bank deposits. If you have any questions or need additional information, our Product Specialists are available 800-522-1599

A home on Nantucket, Massachusetts equipped with built-in roll shutters. Rolling Shutters are the ultimate solution when you want to protect what’s behind your windows and doors. With Rolling Shutters, enjoy peace of mind knowing that your home has a sturdy layer of hurricane protection and storm protection. Rolling shutters shield against wind-blown debris, sand blasting and water penetration. Strong, secure, and durable, our Rolling Hurricane Shutters are proven to reduce energy and maintenance costs while making your home more comfortable to live in. Hurricane Shutters Hurricane Shutters are the premier protection against snow and ice storms, driving rain, high winds, and flying debris. We have huge selection of Hurricane Protection products for all types of applications. We specialize in new construction, retrofit projects and custom applications designed around more complex installations. Hurricane Shutters protect your windows and doors from water penetration and breakage during hurricanes and Nor’easters bringing you comfort and protection. Even when you are not physically at the location of the storm, rolling shutters can offer you peace of mind. Homes and businesses not equipped with rolling shutters may experience glass breakage and door failures during high winds. Ultimately, those openings in the structure’s envelope can cause complete devastation to the home or business. Once the air pressure enters a building, no matter the type of construction, the likelihood of other windows and doors failing rises. If the pressure grows beyond a certain point, walls and and roof components begin to fail. Security Shutters Security Shutters are one of the best ways to discourage intruders from attempting to enter your home or business. This deterrent measure is just where rolling shutters start. While in the down position, rolling shutters can be locked in place by a motor, a gear, a keyed switch or by a separate locking device. Rolling Shutters have been used as security shutters all over the world for decades with incredible success. Sometimes labeled as metal shutters and metal security shutters, they all have subtle differences, and the differences can’t be seen with the rolling shutter in the down position. Security Shutters typically have end-retention pins that lock into the guide rails from the top. These pins are located throughout the entire curtain and are protected from manipulation while the curtain is in the close position. Storm Shutters Storm Shutters are the broad category of Storm Protection products. Of course, they come in all types of sizes, features and functionality. We have a full line of rolling shutters, hinged storm shutters and storm panels for you to to explore on our website or we would love for you to swing by one of our showrooms to see live demo models. Storm Shutters are specifically engineered and designed for high hinds, flying debris protection and ultimately given a rating for Hurricane Protection. A little known fact: The most damaging type of wind value is not the force of the wind blowing directly on your home. This force is called positive pressure, and typically, many believe this is the strongest force against their home or business. Believe it or not, the negative pressure, or, the air passing by your windows and doors, has far greater power. Many low-grade storm shutters and hurricane protection products fail under this pressure. Solar Shutters Solar Shutters have a double wall construction and filled with a specialized polyurethane foam designed to increase R-factor and deflect solar penetration. Many rolling shutters can perform this function, but not all are created equal. The energy efficiency of exterior rolling shutters is up to 95% more effective than interior solar shades. Solar Shutters have many unique and positive “side effects” from their dense foam-filled curtain profile. Many homeowners have taken advantage of energy savings by using these types of rolling shutters in both the summer and winter seasons. Reducing heating and air conditioning expenses throughout the entire year is not always our first thought, but many home and business owners have expressed massive savings. Not only do they block up to 90% of heat gain and loss, they also provide incredible noise control opportunities. Privacy Shutters Privacy Shutters are a great way to close of areas of your home or business from others. Some rolling shutters are equipped with perforations allowing ambient light to pass through when needed. Privacy Shutters have many uses and are creatively used throughout the world in homes and businesses for all kinds of reasons. Close off food preparation areas, work shops, stock rooms, gun safes, closets, liquor cabinets and bars. Some business owners use rolling shutters to close off the outside world after working hours, to protect the last few employees as they finish money counts, paperwork, and prepare bank deposits. If you have any questions or need additional information, our Product Specialists are available 800-522-1599

Bradford Carpet One Floor & Home
Open concept kitchen - large contemporary galley medium tone wood floor and brown floor open concept kitchen idea in Boston with flat-panel cabinets, blue cabinets, an island, an undermount sink, stainless steel appliances and solid surface countertops

Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic arched entrance bordered by decorative faux stone quoins. The doorway has two dark wood and glass doors. Key features include two built-in dual zone, wine refrigerators, Venetian plaster walls, a flagstone look floor, mural on the back wall with an arch that looks as if there is a wine cellar behind it. Furnishings include a custom made, circular epoxy table with a live edge, 4 bar stools, two upholstered chairs and end table. Rough-hewn look beams adorn the ceilings and the walls are hand troweled plaster with a glaze. Our clients lived in a typical, traditional suburban home. One homeowner had been collecting wine and requested a dedicated room for storing, tasting and entertaining that felt as if he were in a California wine cellar. Our design team created a room with Old World touches including a dramatic a

The Perfect Blend of Tradition and Timekeeping Are you considering adding a touch of charm and elegance to your home decor? Look no further than the timeless and delightful cuckoo clock. Originating from the Black Forest region in Germany, these enchanting timepieces have captured the hearts of clock enthusiasts around the world. In this article, we will explore the top five reasons why you should buy a cuckoo clock today. 1. Immerse Yourself in German Culture There's no better way to immerse yourself in the rich heritage of German craftsmanship and tradition than by owning an authentic cuckoo clock. With its intricate designs and meticulous craftsmanship, each cuckoo clock tells a story of German culture. From the beautifully carved wooden figurines to the enchanting melodies that accompany the cuckoo's call, these clocks are a true representation of German artistry. Did you know? The Black Forest region in Germany has been renowned for its clockmaking since the 17th century. It is home to some of the most skilled artisans in the world. 2. Experience the Beauty of Mechanical Engineering In today's digital age, where most timepieces are powered by batteries or electricity, owning a mechanical cuckoo clock is a delightful departure from the norm. Witnessing the intricate gears, levers, and pendulums in motion is an experience in itself. The rhythmic ticking and soothing sound of the cuckoo's call bring a sense of tranquility and nostalgia to your living space. Fun Fact: The mechanical movement of a cuckoo clock is powered by weights that need to be wound manually. This interaction with the clock adds a tactile and engaging element to the overall experience. 3. Enhance Your Home Decor A cuckoo clock is more than just a timekeeping device; it's a statement piece that adds character and warmth to any room. Whether you prefer a traditional chalet-style clock or a more contemporary design, there is a cuckoo clock to suit every taste and interior decor. Hang it on a prominent wall, and watch as it becomes a focal point, captivating the attention of guests and family members alike. Pro Tip: Consider the size and color of your cuckoo clock to ensure it complements the existing elements in your room. Earthy tones like brown and black are popular choices that blend well with various decor styles. 4. Delight in the Charming Cuckoo Call One of the most enchanting features of a cuckoo clock is, of course, the cuckoo's call itself. With each hour, the tiny bird emerges from its wooden abode and chirps the corresponding number of times. The gentle sound of the cuckoo's call evokes a sense of whimsy and nostalgia, transporting you to the idyllic Black Forest region. It's a delightful way to keep track of time and adds a touch of magic to your everyday routine. Did you know? The cuckoo's call is produced by a small bellows system inside the clock. As air pressure changes, the bellows push air through two wooden pipes, creating the familiar "cuckoo" sound. 5. Pass Down a Cherished Heirloom Investing in a cuckoo clock is not just a purchase; it's an investment in a cherished heirloom that can be passed down through generations. These meticulously crafted timepieces are built to stand the test of time, both in terms of durability and timeless appeal. By owning a cuckoo clock, you can create a legacy and leave a piece of your own history for your loved ones to treasure. Pro Tip: Regular maintenance and care, such as oiling the gears and keeping the clock away from direct sunlight, can help ensure the longevity of your cuckoo clock. FAQs about Cuckoo Clocks Q1. How long do cuckoo clocks typically last? Cuckoo clocks are known for their longevity. With proper care and maintenance, a well-crafted cuckoo clock can last for generations. Q2. Do all cuckoo clocks have the same design? No, cuckoo clocks come in various designs, ranging from traditional chalet-style clocks to more contemporary and whimsical designs. There is a wide variety to choose from, catering to different tastes and preferences. Q3. Can I adjust the volume of the cuckoo's call? Yes, most cuckoo clocks have a volume control feature that allows you to adjust the sound of the cuckoo's call to your liking. Q4. Are cuckoo clocks difficult to set up and maintain? While setting up a cuckoo clock requires some initial adjustments, it is not overly complicated. Regular maintenance, such as oiling the gears and keeping the clock clean, will ensure its smooth operation. Q5. Are cuckoo clocks environmentally friendly? Cuckoo clocks are generally considered environmentally friendly as they operate using mechanical movements and do not rely on electricity or batteries. However, it is important to ensure that the wood used in the clock is sourced responsibly. Q6. Can I find cuckoo clocks with modern features, such as automatic night shut-off? Yes, many modern cuckoo clocks offer additional features like automatic night shut-off to silence the clock during the nighttime hours, ensuring a peaceful sleep. In Conclusion Owning a cuckoo clock is a delightful way to bring a touch of German tradition and craftsmanship into your home. From immersing yourself in German culture to experiencing the beauty of mechanical engineering, a cuckoo clock offers much more than just timekeeping. So why wait? Indulge in the enchantment of a cuckoo clock today and create a cherished heirloom that will be treasured for years to come.

Oak trees have been a symbol of strength for a long time. They are also known to live for a very long time, given the right conditions. The reason they became a symbol of strength is because they themselves are very strong and are able to survive some of the harshest storms, when healthy. The wood it produces is undoubtedly very strong as well and is commonly used in the making of furniture, homes, and boats. Oak trees are not only used for their strong wood, but also for their beauty. There are even certain species that produce distinctive lobed leaves, allowing them to stand out. Then, when fall comes around, they become even more majestic when their leaves turn bright and brilliant colours that add texture and a unique spectacle to the changing environment. The beauty is so amazing that you might even want one for your own yard. Our team here at Five Star Tree Services is going to go over a few different types of oak trees that might be perfect for your landscape! These are guaranteed to have spectacular fall colours, great shade, and amazing texture. Different Types of Oaks You might be interested to know that oaks are one of the oldest trees in the world. Archeologists have been able to date them back to around 65 million years ago. A healthy oak can even live to about 200-300 years old. But do you know where these big trees come from? Little tiny acorns. A single oak tree is able to produce roughly 10 million acorns over the course of its lifetime. Not only are oak trees beneficial to people but they are also great for animals. They are able to support more than 500 moth and butterfly species, which is more than other native trees can do. Insects also like to find homes in oak trees, which helps to feed the birds. Not to mention that small animals like squirrels also can utilize them for things like food, shade, and shelter. They also help larger animals, such as the white-tailed deer, who eats the acorns during the fall and winter season, which is about 75% of their diets. Around the world, you can find more than 600 species of oak trees. Let’s go over a small handful of our favourites that are great for providing dazzling colourful displays during the fall months, when the leaves change colours. These are going to range from bronzes, to golds, to reds, and everything in between. Black Oak It might be apparent that the name comes from the outward appearance from the almost black bark that you see, along with the deep orange or yellow inner bark of the tree. Being quite a statement tree, you can enjoy the green glossy leaves in the summer and then enjoy them again then they turn orange and red in the fall. This tree has a tendency to look very similar to a red oak, but one of the major differences is that black oaks are a little smaller and are able to tolerate drier soil conditions. Specifications: -Growing Zones: 3-9 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs slightly acidic, well-drained, and rich soil -Growing height: 50-60 feet White Oak This oak tree is great for shade and can easily be spotted by the light colour of its bark. During the spring, it comes out with pinkish leaves that later on turn to dark green. The leaves of this tree are 4-9 inches long, have 7-9 lobes, and turn reddish-brown in the fall. Specifications: -Growing Zone: 3-9 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs to be planted in well drained and slightly acidic soil -Growing Height: 80 feet Red Oak This oak doesn’t have its name for nothing. It offers the brightest red leaves out of all the oak trees. In the fall, the leaves turn a beautiful deep red. During the summer, it has glossy green leaves and an open canopy. This is a widely adaptable tree and it also grows much faster than other oaks. Specifications: -Growing Zone: 3-9 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs to be plated in slightly acidic, moist, but well-drained soil -Growing Height: 50-75 feet Bur Oak One of the defining features of this tree is that it has unique acorns. They are larger than other trees and are fringed. It grows in a round shape that is dense with leaves, offering lovely shade and is able to tolerate heat stress and pollution. In the fall the leaves of this oak tree can turn either yellow/green, muted yellow, or yellow/brown. Specifications: -Growing Zones: 3-8 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs neutral to alkaline soil -Growing Height: 60-80 feet Pin Oak Typically found along rivers in eastern and central US, this oak tree’s unique feature is its distinctive branching pattern. It has large leaves that are pointed with sweeping U-shaped spaces between lobes. The leaves in the fall turn a scarlet red and eventually become bronze later in the fall. Specifications: -Growing Zone: 4-8 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs slightly acidic soil. Can tolerate wet and heavy clay soils -Growing Height: 60-70 feet Live Oak These are not usually super tall but they do have winding and spiraling branches which have the ability to grow into a massive diameter, larger than other oak trees, and this helps to provide a large area of shade. Another special thing about this particular type of tree is that it is the only evergreen, not a deciduous tree like the rest. This specific oak tree is one of the strongest and was used in colonial times for making ships in the US Navy. The glossy leathery leaves on this tree are 1-3 inches long and are dark green with lighter green underneath, which lasts during the entire winter. Specifications: -Growing Zone: 8-11 -Sun Tolerance: Full sun, which can equate to 6 hours of uninterrupted sunlight each day -Soil: Needs to be planted in slightly acidic soil -Growing Height: 40-80 feet How Five Star Tree Services Can Help Whether you are looking for the best oak tree for your yard or any other tree, our professionals here at Five Star Tree Services can help! With our wide variety of services, we can help you with all your tree care services in Richmond Hill! Give us a call today at (416) 990-3355!

Step #1 Apply BM CLEAN As you can see in the 'Before' picture above, this cedar deck was extremly dirty. This required an extra step in comparison to the typical deck stripping process. My paint rep at Benjamin Moore recommended a product called CLEAN. It comes in one gallon plastic containers and can be applied out of a plastic pail or with a garden sprayer. We used a Garden sprayer and chose a flat tip for application. The three gallon garden sprayer was filled with 2 gallons of water and one gallon of the CLEAN solution. This is a strong mixture and can be reduced to up to 6 parts water and one part of the Benjamin Moore CLEAN. This approximately 22x20 deck had a board running perpindicular to the rest of the floor boards which divided it into 2 equal parts. Our method was to apply the solution to 3-4 of these 10' boards at a time. Allow it to set up for a few minutes and then scrub away with the deck brush. The agitation loosens up the dirt and grime and is then removed with a pressure washer a board a time. The flat tip on the pressure washer was almost the same width as the floor board. It is important to clean the sides of the board too because any remaining dirt or stain will be visible. Benjamin Moore Deck Restoration products named Clean,Restore,brighten Step #2 Apply BM RESTORE The second step is exactly the same as the first step but with a different solution called Benjamin Moore RESTORE. The deck was dry before we started the 2nd step becuase it was baking hot outside. You use the same 2/1 mixture of water to chemical. This chemical will remove the stain still present in the deck floor. Make sure to rinse the garden sprayer clean before adding the restore solution. Unlike the BM CLEAN, the BM RESTORE has an orange-ish color in appearance. It did a fine job of removing most of the stain, but not 100% of it. There were a few areas that required a 3rd coat of restore but the process was quicker. Step #3 Apply BM BRIGHTEN The third step is exactly the same as the first two step but the chemical solution used was Benjamin Moore 'BRIGHTEN'. Again, the garden sprayer was cleaned and filled with 2 parts water and one part Brighten. The brightener not only lightens the wood but it also neutralizes the previous stripper solution. As stated before the Restore adds a bit of color and the Brighten will remove any traces of it. you still have to agitate the brightener with a scrub brush and either pressure wash it off or use a garden hose. We used the pressure washer for faster results. After it dries the wood look a lot brighter but we still found some spots of stain that had not come off. Apply Sikkens Stain As stated above the stain we used is called "Sikkens Proluxe" which is basically just a slight re-branding of the classic Sikkens Stain. The formula is exactly the same. In fact, the secondary name is still called 'Cetol' SRD RE. The color chosen was "CEDAR". The weather was quite hot for a typical Calgary Spring day so we stained a 10' section of floor board at a time. The deck has a metal railing so the supporting feet had to be brushed in with a 2.5" natural bristle paint brush. for the rest of the job a 6" Wooster natural bristle deck brush was used. The handle was remove and a broom handle was inserted. The stain was stirred frequently and poured into a plastic Simms brand roller pan. Semi transparent Oil based stain has the consistency of water so you need to be careful not to spill any of it. When applying to a board you hit the sides first with the brush and then fillin the rest. Ten feet of floor board can be stain in a short period of time. it's important not to leave any streaks so it is adviseable to back-brush the entie length before moving on to the next board. The staining only took about 2.5 hours to complete. One coat is the manufacturers recommendation. One last thing about Sikkens Stain. To maintain this beautiful look the deck should be re- coated once a year, preferably every spring. It's like applying sunscreen yearly to protect the wood against further damage. Two gallons was enough to cover this 450 sq foot deck.

Kerri Torrey Photography
Example of a transitional gray floor dedicated laundry room design in Toronto with an undermount sink, shaker cabinets, white cabinets, gray walls, a side-by-side washer/dryer and white countertops

The simplicity of this kitchen can be appreciated with this home. Everything else is very grand and oversized. While this kitchen is still larger than your typical, it doesn't leave you feeling overwhelmed with excessive details. They've taken specific elements, such as the tile and pendants, and left those as the features of the eye in this kitchen. Seeing past those design elements, we see they have a gorgeous Wolf Range and built-in Miele OneTouch bean-to- cup coffee machine (which btw makes a phenomenal cup-a-joe). We see the consistency of the asymmetry in the first island raised bar top and the wall of wine that we all want to dive into. The other small detail that adds a lot to a kitchen is the double thickness of the countertop. It is always a subtle but stunning addition and I have yet to see it go "wrong" in the design element of the kitchen. What kitchen feature is your favourite? Would you change anything about this kitchen? Granite: "Calera: from CimStone - mitered to 2.5" thickness

The owner of this house spends hours crafting so we designed and built this one of a kind craft room. The entire space was custom designed and built for all of her tools and paints. We were careful to plan the entire space with no handles and tamber door to achieve a clean and modern look. We finished off the space with a sink and a coffee station for those long crafting nights.

Why Mattress Thickness Is One of the Most Misunderstood Specs When most people shop for a memory foam mattress, they focus on firmness, materials, and brand. Thickness tends to be an afterthought — or worse, treated as a proxy for quality. The assumption goes: thicker equals better. That assumption is wrong in a meaningful number of cases, and getting it wrong means waking up with exactly the kind of stiffness, pressure pain, or lower back ache you bought a new mattress to avoid. The right thickness for a memory foam mattress is not a single number. It is a combination of your body weight, your sleep position, and any specific health conditions you are managing. A 14-inch mattress that provides ideal support for a 250-pound side sleeper may cause a 115-pound stomach sleeper to experience spinal misalignment all night. A 10-inch mattress that works perfectly for a back sleeper of average build offers inadequate pressure relief for a heavier side sleeper whose hips need to sink further into the comfort layer before the support base engages. This guide maps thickness to the factors that actually determine whether a mattress works for your body. It covers the science of mattress layers, the three primary variables (weight, position, condition), and a complete decision table so you can find your ideal thickness without guesswork. Understanding Mattress Thickness: Layers, Not Just Height A memory foam mattress’s total thickness is the sum of its individual layers, and those layers serve entirely different functions. Two mattresses that are both 12 inches thick may feel radically different because their comfort layer depths and support core thicknesses are distributed differently. The Two Parts That Matter Every memory foam mattress has two functional zones: the comfort layer at the top and the support core at the bottom. The comfort layer — which in quality mattresses consists of gel-infused viscoelastic foam, transition foam, and a cooling cover — is the zone that contours to your body, relieves pressure, and cushions the joints. The support core — high-density foam or pocketed springs in a hybrid — is the zone that keeps the spine aligned and prevents the entire body from sinking into the mattress. The key relationship is this: the comfort layer must be deep enough for your body’s heaviest pressure points to sink in fully before the firmer support core pushes back. If it is too shallow, those pressure points press against a firm surface and cause localised pain. If the support core is too thin, the whole mattress sags under body weight and the spine loses alignment regardless of how comfortable the top feels. Here is how EGOHOME’s Black series layers map to these functions: Layer Material Function EGOHOME Technology Cover (0.5–1") Fabric + cooling tech Temperature regulation, hygiene Anti-heat™ Graphene Cooling Cover Comfort layer (2–6") Gel foam, AeroFusion™ Pressure relief, contouring Copper Gel AeroFusion™ Foam Transition layer (1–2") Mid-density foam Prevents sinkage past comfort zone BraceSleeper™ Support Foam (upper) Support core (6–12") High-density foam or coils Spinal alignment, edge support BraceSleeper™ Support Foam (core) Thickness alone does not tell you how a mattress will perform. A 14-inch mattress with a 2-inch comfort layer and a 12-inch support core will feel firm and supportive. A 14-inch mattress with a 6-inch comfort layer and an 8-inch support core will feel plush and contouring. Always check the comfort layer depth, not just the total inches. Memory Foam Mattress Thickness Ranges: What Each Category Delivers Here is a complete breakdown of what to expect from each thickness range and who each suits best: Thickness Profile Best Use Case Body Weight Best Sleep Position 6–8" Low profile Children, bunk beds, guest rooms, adjustable bases Under 130 lbs Kids, lightweight, occasional use 8–10" Standard-thin Stomach sleepers, lightweight adults, budget setups Under 130 lbs Stomach, lightweight back sleepers 10–12" Standard Most adults, back sleepers, back pain relief 130–230 lbs Back, stomach, combo sleepers 12–14" High-profile Side sleepers, plus-size, pressure relief 130–230 lbs+ Side sleepers, hip/shoulder pain 14"+ Premium Plus-size sleepers, heavy duos, luxury setups 230 lbs+ Plus-size, side sleepers, chronic pain 6–8 Inches: Low-Profile (Specific Use Cases Only) Low-profile mattresses in the 6 to 8 inch range are designed for specific applications rather than general adult use. They work well on bunk beds and trundle beds where height clearance is limited, for children’s beds where a lower sleep surface is safer, on adjustable bases where the mattress needs to flex significantly, and for lightweight individuals under 130 pounds who need minimal depth to reach the support core. For a standard adult of average build, a mattress under 8 inches is unlikely to provide adequate comfort layer depth for sustained pressure relief. 8–10 Inches: Standard-Thin (Stomach Sleepers and Lightweight Adults) The 8 to 10 inch range is the practical starting point for most adult use. At this thickness, there is enough comfort layer to provide basic pressure relief without the excessive depth that allows heavier body sections to sink past the support zone. Stomach sleepers in particular benefit from this range: when sleeping face down, the goal is to keep the hips from sinking lower than the shoulders and chest, which would create a downward bow in the lumbar spine. A thinner mattress with a firmer feel prevents this hyperextension more reliably than a thicker, softer model. EGOHOME offers 8-inch memory foam options suited to this profile. 10–12 Inches: Standard (The Sweet Spot for Most Adults) The 10 to 12 inch range is the most broadly appropriate thickness for adults of standard build. At this depth, a quality memory foam mattress contains enough comfort layer material to contour genuinely around the hips and shoulders without allowing the body to bottom out into the support core. It also contains enough support core depth to maintain spinal alignment under continuous body weight across seven or eight hours. Back sleepers of standard weight (130 to 230 pounds) typically find this range the most supportive, as the lumbar region receives adequate underlying resistance without the excessive softness that taller mattresses can develop under consistent pressure. 12–14 Inches: High-Profile (Side Sleepers and Plus-Size Sleepers) The 12 to 14 inch range addresses two specific needs: side sleepers who require a deep enough comfort layer to allow the shoulder and hip to sink in while the waist remains supported, and heavier individuals whose body weight requires more foam depth before reaching full support core engagement. For a side sleeper of standard or higher body weight, a comfort layer of less than 4 to 6 inches is often not deep enough for the shoulder to sink fully into an aligned position. The result is an upward lateral bow in the thoracic spine that causes shoulder and upper back pain upon waking. The EGOHOME Black 14-inch Pro and Hybrid models are built specifically for this thickness range. 14 Inches and Above: Premium and Plus-Size Mattresses at 14 inches or more are appropriate for plus-size sleepers over 230 pounds and for couples where one partner is significantly heavier. At higher body weights, a greater depth of both comfort material and support foam is required because the heavier load compresses the foam more aggressively. A support core that adequately resists a 160-pound sleeper may allow excessive sinkage under a 280-pound sleeper, causing the hips to drop past the point of lumbar support. EGOHOME’s Black 14-inch Firm model includes a 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core specifically designed to resist this deep compression under higher body weights. Thickness by Body Weight: The Primary Determining Factor Body weight is the single most important variable in thickness selection because it directly determines how far the body sinks into the foam. The same mattress will feel completely different to a 120-pound sleeper versus a 240-pound sleeper, because the heavier person compresses the foam significantly more deeply. Lightweight Sleepers (Under 130 lbs) Lightweight sleepers do not need and often cannot benefit from thick mattresses. Because they exert less pressure on the foam, they may not compress a 14-inch mattress deeply enough to feel the support core at all, resulting in a floating sensation with insufficient underlying resistance. For lightweight sleepers, 8 to 10 inches provides adequate comfort layer depth for full pressure relief. The EGOHOME Black 10-inch Classic (medium feel) is the appropriate starting point for this weight category. Standard-Weight Sleepers (130–230 lbs) Standard-weight adults represent the broadest population of mattress buyers, and the 10 to 12 inch range was designed specifically for this group. At this weight range, the body compresses the comfort layer meaningfully enough for the foam to contour around pressure points, while the support core remains thick enough to prevent excessive sinkage. The EGOHOME Black 12-inch and the Black 10-inch ranges both address this category, with the 12-inch models being more appropriate for side sleepers who need the extra comfort layer depth. Plus-Size Sleepers (Over 230 lbs) Heavier sleepers require 12 to 14 inches at minimum to prevent bottoming out — the point at which body weight compresses through the comfort layer entirely and the sleeper feels the firm support core directly. Bottoming out eliminates pressure relief completely and can significantly worsen joint pain and lower back stiffness. EGOHOME recommends a suggested maximum of 300 pounds per person across their mattress range, and the 14-inch Hybrid and 14-inch Firm models are engineered with the deeper support cores required to handle higher body weights without performance degradation over time. Thickness by Sleep Position: Matching Depth to Alignment Needs Side Sleepers: 12 Inches or More Side sleeping places the body’s heaviest pressure points — the shoulder and hip — in direct contact with the mattress. These points need to sink into the comfort layer deeply enough that the spine remains horizontal from head to toe. If the comfort layer is too thin or too firm, the shoulder cannot descend fully into the mattress, and the spine develops an upward lateral curve between the shoulder and the head. This causes the neck, shoulder, and upper back tension that many side sleepers report upon waking. Side sleepers of standard weight need at least 12 inches, with a soft to medium-soft comfort layer. EGOHOME’s Black 12-inch Pro (soft feel, 7.5 out of 10 cooling score) is specifically recommended for side sleepers managing back, shoulder, or joint pain. The Black 14-inch Pro (medium-soft, 8 out of 10 cooling) adds additional comfort layer depth for those who need greater pressure relief. Back Sleepers: 10–12 Inches Back sleeping is the most spinal-alignment-friendly position because the body’s weight is distributed relatively evenly across the mattress. The primary challenge for back sleepers is lumbar support: the natural inward curve of the lower back creates a gap between the lumbar spine and the mattress surface that must be filled by the foam contouring upward into it. A mattress that is too soft allows the pelvis to sink excessively, flattening this curve and creating lower back compression. A mattress that is too firm cannot conform into the lumbar curve at all. For back sleepers, 10 to 12 inches with a medium or medium-firm feel provides the optimal combination. EGOHOME’s Black 12-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5 out of 10 cooling) is specifically noted as ideal for back sleepers, combining pocketed spring zoned support with gel foam contouring for precise lumbar engagement. Stomach Sleepers: 8–10 Inches Stomach sleepers face the opposite alignment challenge from side sleepers. Rather than needing the mattress to yield deeply at the joints, they need the mattress to maintain a flat, firm surface that prevents the hips from sinking below the chest. If the hips drop lower than the upper body, the lumbar spine hyperextends into an arched position that compresses the posterior vertebral joints and causes significant lower back pain. Stomach sleepers need a thinner mattress with a firmer feel. The EGOHOME Black 14-inch Firm is specifically recommended for stomach sleepers and heavier sleepers who need maximum surface resistance. Its 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core provides the deep, unyielding base that prevents hip sinkage without requiring a thin mattress that compromises comfort. Best Thickness for Back Pain: The Medium-Firm 10–12 Inch Principle For people managing chronic lower back pain, herniated discs, sciatica, or general spinal stiffness, mattress thickness interacts with back health in a specific way that differs from general sleep comfort recommendations. The key principle for back pain is controlled contouring. You need enough foam depth to relieve pressure at the hips and shoulders, but not so much depth that the foam develops a sag under the heavier sections of the body over time. Excessive thickness combined with a soft comfort layer is one of the most common causes of mattress-induced back pain — the sleeper sinks into a gentle hammock shape that feels comfortable initially but compresses the lumbar discs continuously throughout the night. 10–12 Inches: The Optimal Back Pain Range A medium-firm mattress of 10 to 12 inches addresses both needs simultaneously. It provides adequate foam depth for genuine pressure relief at the hips and shoulders without the risk of comfort layer collapse that taller, softer mattresses can develop. The support core at this thickness is deep enough to maintain consistent lumbar support from the first night through years of regular use. For side sleepers with lower back pain, the recommendation extends to 12 inches with a soft feel to ensure the hip can sink into full alignment. For back sleepers with lower back pain, 10 to 12 inches with a medium-firm feel is the target. For stomach sleepers with lower back pain, a firmer feel at any thickness is more important than depth — preventing hip sinkage is the priority. ⚠️ Mattresses over 14 inches with very soft comfort layers are a common hidden cause of lower back pain. The deep softness feels luxurious initially but allows the lumbar region to sag into misalignment through the night. If you sleep on a thick, very soft mattress and wake with lower back stiffness, the mattress — not your position — may be the cause. Complete Thickness Decision Table: Your Position × Your Weight Use this table to find your recommended thickness and the matching EGOHOME model: Sleep Position Body Weight Ideal Thickness EGOHOME Recommendation Side sleeper Under 130 lbs 12" EGOHOME Black 12” Pro (soft, 7.5/10 cool) Side sleeper 130–230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Pro (medium-soft, 8/10 cool) Side sleeper Over 230 lbs 14" EGOHOME Black 14” Hybrid (medium-firm, 8.5/10 cool) Back sleeper Under 130 lbs 10" EGOHOME Black 10” Classic (medium, 6/10 cool) Back sleeper 130–230 lbs 10–12" EGOHOME Black 12” Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5/10 cool) Back sleeper Over 230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Hybrid (medium-firm, 8.5/10 cool) Stomach sleeper Under 130 lbs 8–10" EGOHOME 8" Memory Foam (firm, standard support) Stomach sleeper 130–230 lbs 10–12" EGOHOME Black 10” Hybrid (medium-firm, 6.5/10 cool) Stomach sleeper Over 230 lbs 12–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Firm (firm, 7/10 cool) Combination Any weight 10–14" EGOHOME Black 14” Pro or 14” Hybrid ? If you are between two categories — for example, a 220-pound back sleeper with occasional side sleeping — choose the model suited to your heavier variable. A 12” hybrid model handles the heavier weight and still adapts to position changes. When in doubt, go medium-firm over soft. EGOHOME Memory Foam Mattresses by Thickness EGOHOME’s range spans 6 to 14 inches across memory foam and hybrid constructions, with every model carrying CertiPUR-US® and OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 certification, a 10-year warranty, a 100-night home trial, and free shipping and returns across the contiguous U.S. For 8–10 Inch Needs The EGOHOME 8-inch memory foam and Black 10-inch Classic and Hybrid models cover the lightweight and stomach sleeper range. The 10-inch Classic offers a medium feel suited to back and side sleepers under 130 pounds. The 10-inch Hybrid adds pocketed spring support for better lumbar engagement and airflow. For 10–12 Inch Needs The EGOHOME Black 12-inch range — Classic, Pro, and Hybrid — is the most widely applicable thickness tier. The 12-inch Classic (soft, cool 6/10) suits side sleepers and those with joint pain. The 12-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, cool 6.5/10) is specifically recommended for back sleepers and standard-weight adults across positions. The 12-inch Pro (soft, cool 7.5/10) is the top choice for side sleepers dealing with shoulder or hip pain. For 12–14 Inch Needs The EGOHOME Black 14-inch series is the flagship range. The 14-inch Pro (medium-soft, cool 8/10) is designed for side sleepers and pressure-relief-first buyers. The 14-inch Hybrid (medium-firm, cool 8.5/10) handles all sleep positions and is the strongest all-rounder in the range. The 14-inch Firm is built for stomach sleepers and heavier individuals, with a 12-inch BraceSleeper™ Support Foam core that resists sinkage under higher body weights. Frequently Asked Questions Is a thicker memory foam mattress always better? No. Thickness should match your body weight and sleep position, not simply be maximised. A 14-inch mattress with a very soft comfort layer can cause back pain in lightweight sleepers or stomach sleepers by allowing excessive sinkage. A well-calibrated 10-inch mattress will consistently outperform an oversized 14-inch model for the wrong body type. What thickness of memory foam is good for back pain? A medium-firm mattress of 10 to 12 inches is the most widely recommended range for lower back pain. It provides enough foam depth for genuine pressure relief without the risk of comfort layer collapse that causes lumbar sagging. Side sleepers with back pain may benefit from 12 inches with a softer feel to ensure hip and shoulder alignment. What is the minimum thickness for a memory foam mattress for adults? For most adults, 8 inches is the practical minimum for sustained comfort. Below 8 inches, there is often insufficient comfort layer depth for pressure relief across a full night of sleep. The exception is stomach sleepers who may intentionally choose 8 inches for a firmer surface that prevents hip sinkage. Does mattress thickness affect how long it lasts? Yes, indirectly. A mattress that is too thin for the body weight it supports will experience faster comfort layer compression and develop sags and pressure indentations earlier than one appropriately sized for that load. Choosing the correct thickness for your weight extends the usable lifespan of the mattress. EGOHOME mattresses are expected to last 6 to 8 years with proper care, with regular rotation every 3 to 6 months recommended. Can I use a thick mattress on an adjustable base? Memory foam mattresses up to 14 inches are generally compatible with adjustable bases, though the mattress should be flexible enough to bend at the head and foot sections without cracking or deforming. EGOHOME mattresses are confirmed compatible with adjustable bases. For very thick or firm mattresses, check the specific flex requirements of your adjustable base before purchasing. Final Thoughts The best thickness for a memory foam mattress is not the thickest you can find or the most expensive number on the specification sheet. It is the thickness that aligns precisely with your body weight, your sleep position, and any specific conditions you are managing — then pairs that depth with a comfort layer and support core calibrated to work

Photos by Francis and Francis Photography The Anderson Residence is ‘practically’ a new home in one of Las Vegas midcentury modern neighborhoods McNeil. The house is the current home of Ian Anderson the local Herman Miller dealer and Shanna Anderson of Leeland furniture family. When Ian first introduced CSPA studio to the project it was burned down house. Turns out that the house is a 1960 midcentury modern sister of two homes that was destroyed by arson in a dispute between landlord and tenant. Once inside the burned walls it was quite clear what a wonderful house it once was. Great care was taken to try and restore the house to a similar splendor. The reality is the remodel didn’t involve much of the original house, by the time the fire damage was remediated there wasn’t much left. The renovation includes an additional 1000 SF of office, guest bedroom, laundry, mudroom, guest toilet outdoor shower and a garage. The roof line was raised in order to accommodate a forced air mechanical system, but care was taken to keep the lines long and low (appearing) to match the midcentury modern style. The House is an H-shape. Typically houses of this time period would have small rooms with long narrow hallways. However in this case with the walls burned out one can see from one side of the house to other creating a huge feeling space. It was decided to totally open the East side of the house and make the kitchen which gently spills into the living room and wood burning fireplace the public side. New windows and a huge 16’ sliding door were added all the way around the courtyard so that one can see out and across into the private side. On the west side of the house the long thin hallway is opened up by the windows to the courtyard and the long wall offers an opportunity for a gallery style art display. The long hallway opens to two bedrooms, shared bathroom and master bedroom. The end of the hallway opens to a casual living room and the swimming pool area. The house has no formal dining room but a 15’ custom crafted table by Ian’s sculptor father that is an extension of the kitchen island. The H-shape creates two covered areas, one is the front entry courtyard, fenced in by a Brazilian walnut enclosure and crowned by a steel art installation by Ian’s father. The rear covered courtyard is a breezy spot for chilling out on a hot desert day. The pool was re-finished and a shallow soaking deck added. A new barbeque and covered patio added. Some of the large plant material was salvaged and nursed back to health and a complete new desert landscape was re-installed to bring the exterior to life.

Proud of this one, an opposite(from typical) angle slanted ceiling duct cover, 3 other companies said no, we got it in one shot.... just saying...
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