1. Not all Stink or Leaffooted bugs are pests, but if they are on you fruits they may need control. If Insecticidal Soap will not work, you may need to move up the toxic chain to Neem Oil products.
2. Are the cucumbers adversly affected by the Squash Vine Borer? Check the stems for signs of them.
3. Powdery Mildew is easily controlled with either one of these sprays. A mixture of 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 1 quart of water, or a 50/50 mixture of fat free milk and water, sprayed on the affected plants every 5 to 7 days. Squish the eggs the Squash Bugs lay on your plants.
4. There is no reason to do anything about those spiders. While they are passive predators of insects they are nocturnal, working at night, and really pose little problem to you.

Yes, it's safe to eat the tomatoes.

Or were you asking whether it's safe to eat the stink bugs and leaf footed bugs? No, don't eat those. :-)

I don't do anything about the powdery mildew on squash, and nothing bad has happened. Squash just is going to get powdery mildew, sooner or later, in my experience.

Be sure to wear gloves when working in the garden, now that you've been finding BW spiders. Bites occur when we put our hands where the spiders are hidden. Learn to recognize the rather haphazardly constructed BW web, as she will seldom be found away from it.

I've recently been finding a large number of these spiders around my home, and now consider any location as a potential hideaway.