If your cabinets were not originally white - if they are wood cabinets that were painted to help sell the house then be sure the finish is durable before changing expensive surfaces.

Where is the sink? If it is across the kitchen from the range, then that is not the best of layouts, and to change up the layout you will probably need new cabinets.

I actually do not mind your present cabinets, and I could work with them if in good shape - probably would do a more cottage Scandinavian then what you are thinking. (I have a friend who visits Scandinavian relatives often and she says my kitchen reminds her of cottage scandinavian.) But, that isn't anything like what you want.

It looks like you're missing a vent which keeps the kitchen cleaner and prevents smoking if you cook with high heat. If you keep the cabinets, changing the hardware and counters can make the kitchen more modern. If you don't, keep in mind that doing so later will be more expensive since you'll already have changed the counters.

You could also refinish the cabinetry in a darker color and combine with white counters and satin nickel hardware. It won't look like the inspiration photos, but it will modernize it.

TBH, I think it's worth finding more varied inspiration photos, ones that will guide you but will bring out the best in your home. The ones you have are beautiful but perhaps unrealistic given your current architecture. The molding in your house suggest transforming it to your current photos will be a long endeavor and the outcome might fall short of your expectations.

Depending on budget....you could change doors to slab doors - remove the lower light rail and crown molding from the wall cabinets, repair the cabinets after removing trim, and repaint everything. Once you decide you are up for repainting....then anything with carpentry is possible.

The Scandinavian look can be contemporary or traditional. If the budget will not bear replacing the cabinets you can refinish them to a pickled or whitewashed finish and change the hardware. You could also keep the cabinets and change the doors and drawer fronts to something plainer if you are not leaning to the traditional. I agree about changing the counter tops and backsplash, I would use the same material and do a full height backsplash. Good luck to you, I hope everything comes out exactly the way you wish!