Highly unlikely. Raccoons visit inground vegetable gardens and farms as the mood moves them and sample all manner of produce. I've yet to hear of anyone coming down with the dreaded raccoon pox!! Truly, of the common diseases raccoons get, only rabies is zoonotic and requires being bitten. There are various bacteria and parasites that raccoons carry but unless you come into contact with their urine or feces, you are at low risk.

You don't infect plants with animal diseases. In principle, the animal could have left some disease behind on the surface of the plant, in the form of saliva, but that's easily washed off. BTW, squirrels can carry diseases that are harmful to humans too (e.g. tularemia, typhus, plague, and ringworm), and they can wreak havoc with vegetable produce. Do try to avoid getting bit by such animals, though.

Thanks!