Also, I was trying to wash the dirt off to get a good look at the roots, which is why they look so wet. I usually only water about once per month.

Repot in fast draining cactus and succulent mix in a pot with a hole, not an oversized pot. At least half day direct sun. Don't water on a schedule, water when dry. Was it bone dry when you took it out of the pot?

I'm not sure where you live, but it's probably jumping the gun to repot at this time of the year. That said, and already done, you might consider severing the lower part of the stem with roots attached where it transitions from dark color to tan, and allowing it to callus for a week or so before repotting it. You could also treat the cut end it with a rooting agent, which usually includes an antifungal agent, or dusting it with a fungicide or cinnamon.

You could also make your own grow medium, which, if made well, would undoubtedly be better than most commercially prepared media you're likely to find.

When the plant below was repotted, I carefully removed several of the lowest leaves (4 or 5) that can be seen to be in the process of being shed because of their telltale change in color to a lighter green.

The image below shows the plant after the lower part of the stem was removed and was reset to a more appropriate depth.

Al

As Socks said, plant it in fast-draining mix in a pot with a hole. Now, leave it alone. Do not water it for about a week. When you do water it mix some plant food in the water ( Miracle Grow or whatever and follow the instructions for house plants.) Don't give it much water, and don't water just because the soil looks dry. I've killed a lot of Aloe by over watering. Watering on a schedule should be okay, maybe once a week. I have my Aloe and other succulents in a gritty mix and they seem to like it.

Watering on a schedule is not to be recommended. Even less so for succulents. Once a week would almost certainly be too often, unless the plant is in a microscopic pot in blazing sunshine.