I believe the requirements for a kitchen counter top area are a minimum of two 20 amp circuits that don't serve anything else and no spot on a counter can be more than 2 feet from a receptacle.

So if moving this receptacle up conforms to that code, then it's fine to do so (and leave the access hole in the cabinet).

Close. The entire kitchen(and related area) must be served by (at least) two 20A small appliance circuits. These cover all the receptacles, not just the countertop (exceptions exist for the refrigerator and a switched receptacle for lighting). No other outlets are permitted on these circuits The code says nothing about the distribution. You could have all the countertops fed from one circuit and some other receptacle on the other.

So, moving a receptacle around in a kitchen doesn't change any requirement for circuit ampacity or assignment.

What does change is that moving the receptacle to the countertop now requires it to be GFCI protected where it might not have been had it been just serving an area of wall.