Two easy things to start:

Get one of these (Lambro Dryer Vent Seal):

I replaced one of those flappy louvered dryer vent covers with the Lambro Seal and it made a huge difference. It stops cold air outside. Before, the dryer venting was a huge conduit for cold air to travel down and spill into the room. The duct itself was frigid to the touch. After installing the new vent seal, the duct is room temp.

I'd insulate rim joists with foam board, 2 layers of 2" and cut sheetrock to cover, caulking in place. I'd run dryer vent through rim joist.

or you can do this. I'm not a fan of batt insulation in rim joist as mice love to nest in it.

For lighting, get some ~4 foot LED fixtures from the box stores and mount them up in the joist bays. Then run some new wiring to ceiling outlets for them. Regarding all the wires, that's normal for an open basement. For the dryer vent, it would be a bit of work, but it could be run vertically up to the wall and then directly through the rim joist.

To be more specific, not foam board, but extruded polystyrene (XPS), which typically has 25% greater RValue per inch than expanded polystyrene (EPS).

Insulating the rim joist with XPS foam board, sealed around the edges with spray foam, is a good choice. However, if you want to be totally code-compliant you then need a flame barrier over the foam. Probably the easiest way to do this is to cut a piece of 1/2" or 3/8" drywall so it fits tightly into the cavity, in front of the the foam. You could add some nailing trips, or just use fireblock spray floam (its orange) to hold the drywall in place.

I'm not sure whether a batt of rockwool stuffed in front of it is considered a flame barrier, although rockwool does not burn.

Bruce