No, you will not need gfi recepticals if you have a gfi breaker, the breaker will gfi protect all outlets on that circuit.

“My dad is a plumber and is teaching us electrical“ sounds a little scary to me. ive seen a lot of plumbers electrical work, and while it wont burn down your house, a lot of little things are overlooked.

PLEASE don’t skimp with electrical circuits. Plan for what you will be using and wire accordingly. Workout equipment, heaters, etc. often require a dedicated circuit. You’ll need others for lights, TV and other electrical apparatus. Use sufficient guage wire and correct breakers. IF in doubt at least have the connections made by a professional.

The reason for a GFI breaker is that it protects the whole circuit and makes adding additional GFI receptacles unnecessary. If you want to protect just part of a circuit, you don't use a GFI breaker and you install one GFI receptacle, which also protects all other receptacles " downstream" from that location. Having more than one GFI receptacle on a circuit is not advisable as it can lead to unnecessary tripping.

Back in the day when GFI receptacles were very expensive, this made sense, but I now prefer individual receptacles NOT daisy-chained together. That way, if one trips, you can reset it easily.

i find that still to be a huge waste of money. a gfi recep is around $20 whereas a duplex recep is uner $2.

If you dont want to go the breaker route, use a single gfi and line / load them. dont install a gfi in every outlet.

If you do go with a breaker, the upside of the arc fault / gfi combo breaker is all of your wiring is protected. any junction box in the circuit would have arc fault protection.