There is a phenomenon known as albinoism that can be present with redwoods. But I'm not sure it would present like that. Does the discoloration rub off at all?

Can you post a close up photo of a branch that shows the problem clearly?

Climate area? Cultural history, including recent climate events that might be relevant? If not something specifically weather related then maybe a soil/irrigation water minerals problem or a fungal blight.

If this is in California there might be an Extension Service branch office fairly close by where they would be able to tell you what this is. (You'll have to be able to take cut samples during weekday open hours).

Where are you located? I would suggest taking good samples of the afftected branches and foliage into your local extension service office for diagnosis. There is not much that bothers redwoods but they are a foliar host to Phytophthora ramorum and depending where you live that could be an issue, not with them but with other susceptible species.

What I could find of online examples look much like your photo. But that is not a diagnosis I would care to make without benefit of a professional plant pathologist :-)

Then I would strongly suggest you take samples in for diagnosis. Phytophthora ramorum is Sudden Oak Death and that is a serious ongoing concern both with CA native plantings and in the landscape.

Don't do anything until you have had whatever it is confirmed or ruled out. Take the samples (and your photos) into the extension office for analysis.

maybe you can tell me yourself or tell me who will help me identify the problem with my plants. While they are growing on my balcony in winter at temperatures up to 5 degrees Celsius, an unpleasant deterioration in their condition has appeared.