We removed the old sod and around 3 to 4 inches of topsoil. Then, we brought in crushed aggregate and packed it down to provide a solid base on which to install the American-made turf. We cut the turf and staked it down with 5" stainless steel nails, covered the surface of turf with Durafil (microban silica-coated sand), and finally brushed the turf so the blades stood up to provide cushion and a stunning lush look.